1. Ronald Warren Ecological & Environmental Monitoring National Security Technologies, LLC Community Environmental Monitoring Program Workshop July 26, 2011 Routine Radiological Environmental Monitoring

2. Page 2 Page 2Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 2 Log No. 2011-226 Overview Routine Radiological Environmental Monitoring Plan (RREMP) overview Operations evaluations against regulatory limits Evaluation that indicated soil re-suspension less than National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs) Standards vs. RREMP results NESHAPs standards vs. results Compliance is demonstrated at the on-site locations, so the off-site dose is much less

3. Page 3 Page 3Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 3 Log No. 2011-226 RREMPRREMP Routine Radiological Environmental Monitoring Plan Identifies requirements for radiological monitoring at Nevada Site Office facilities, primarily the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) Focuses on –the need to ensure that the public and the environment are protected, –that compliance with the letter and the spirit of the law is achieved, and –that good land stewardship is practiced. Uses a decision based approach to identify the data that must be collected and provides Quality Assurance, Analysis, and Sampling Plans which ensure that defensible data is generated.

4. Page 4 Page 4Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 4 Log No. 2011-226 Inhalation (Air) Ingestion –Groundwater –Game Animals Direct Exposure Pathway Approach (External Dose)

5. Page 5 Page 5Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 5 Log No. 2011-226 Projects with a potential for airborne radionuclide emissions are evaluated (modeled) in accordance with 40 CFR 61 for the potential to cause a 0.1 mrem dose to the public under the assumption no pollution controls are in place. If the modeled emission exceeds 0.1 mrem, the regulator is required to be involved with the design, and monitoring will likely be required (e.g. JASPER). Pre-Operational Evaluations

6. Page 6 Page 6Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 6 Log No. 2011-226 For potential emissions (before a new potential emission source is created to determine off-site dose) To estimate dose from actual emissions because concentrations of radionuclides from most emissions are so low they cannot be measured even relatively near the emission source. How do we know modeled results are valid (conservative)? Modeling of Potential Off-site Dose

7. Page 7 Page 7Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 7 Log No. 2011-226 Modeled vs. Measured Results

8. Page 8 Page 8Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 8 Log No. 2011-226 Modeled vs. Measured Results (continued)

9. Page 9 Page 9Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 9 Log No. 2011-226 Air Monitoring Air Sampler – Solar PowerAir Sampler – Line Power Atmospheric Moisture Sampling Air Particulate Sampling Emergency Response (e.g. wildfires) or for Special Projects

10. Page 10 Page 10Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 10 Log No. 2011-226 Air & Direct Radiation Monitoring Network Evolution

11. Page 11 Page 11Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 11 Log No. 2011-226 Surface Contamination Air Monitoring Stations

12. Page 12 Page 12Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 12 Log No. 2011-226 3 to 9% avg. annual decrease 239+240 Pu Annual Mean Trends Average Trend Lines for Locations With > 15-Year Histories Since 1971

13. Page 13 Page 13Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 13 Log No. 2011-226 ~15% avg. annual reduction 3 H Average Trends by Area Group

14. Page 14 Page 14Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 14 Log No. 2011-226 Fraction of Regulatory Limit for Air Emissions

15. Page 15 Page 15Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 15 Log No. 2011-226 Water Monitoring Surface Water E Tunnel Ponds E Tunnel Out-flow Off-Site Springs Groundwater Water Supply (Last Trails Ranch ) Monitoring Wells (ER-OV-01 and -06A)

16. Page 16 Page 16Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 16 Log No. 2011-226 Groundwater Monitoring Surface Water Monitoring

17. Page 17 Page 17Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 17 Log No. 2011-226 Tritium in Onsite Monitoring Wells with Histories of Elevated Concentrations

18. Page 18 Page 18Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 18 Log No. 2011-226 Pahute Mesa Contaminant Transport Model

19. Page 19 Page 19Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 19 Log No. 2011-226 Biota Monitoring Game Birds Big Game (opportunistic sampling – e.g. road kills) Rabbits

20. Page 20 Page 20Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 20 Log No. 2011-226 Biota Monitoring Sites

21. Page 21 Page 21Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 21 Log No. 2011-226

22. Page 22 Page 22Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 22 Log No. 2011-226 Dose from Animal Consumption

23. Page 23 Page 23Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 23 Log No. 2011-226 Direct Radiation Monitoring Thermoluminescent Dosimeters

24. Page 24 Page 24Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 24 Log No. 2011-226 ETLD Monitoring Locations

25. Page 25 Page 25Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 25 Log No. 2011-226 Estimated Annual Exposures Locations With at Least 10-Year Histories

26. Page 26 Page 26Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 26 Log No. 2011-226 Calendar Year 2010 Radiological Dose to a Person Breathing Air on the NNSS (Gate 510) and Eating 20 Jackrabbits from near the Sedan Crater

27. Page 27 Page 27Title 85FY11– 07/26/2011 – Page 27 Log No. 2011-226 Concentrations of radionuclides from legacy contamination show decreasing trends primarily due to immobilization, dilution, and physical decay. On-site operations involving radioactive materials are evaluated for air emissions. Current pathways for radionuclides to off-site public are air and game animals (no current pathway for groundwater or direct radiation). Concentrations of radionuclides measured in air at on-site compliance stations and in water at on and off-site environmental monitoring locations are much less than limits for exposure to the public. Conclusions