1. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. TH11/17/11 Ch. 3.1 Why Do People Migrate? (pp. 77-85)

2. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. I. Overview A type of mobility –Migration is a permanent move to a new location –Migration = relocation diffusion Emigration – migration from a country Immigration – migration to a country

3. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. II. Reasons for Migration –Most people migrate for economic reasons –Push and pull factors push factor – influence people to move out of location pull factor – influence people to move into a location

4. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. A. Push & Pull Factors 1. Economic people move away from places with poor economic opportunities and toward places with better ones 2. Cultural forced migration (e.g., slavery, refugees) political factors – persecution, oppression of religion or political rights 3. Environmental water factors – floodplains, deserts

5. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Refugees: Sources and Destinations Figure 3-2

6. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. A. Push & Pull Factors (cont.) 4. Intervening obstacles –Historically, intervening obstacles are environmental –Examples? Examples: oceans, desert, mountains –Transportation technology lessens impact of intervening obstacles today –Explain? Examples: plane, boat, car, train

7. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. II. Distance of Migration A.Internal migration Two types: Interregional migration = movement from one region to another Intraregional migration = movement within a region

8. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. II. Distance of Migration B. International migration Two types: –Voluntary – often economic –Forced – often cultural Migration transition –International migration is most common in countries that are in stage 2 of the demographic transition

9. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. C. Migration Transition Model Stage 1 – seasonal migration Stage 2 – international migration & interregional migration (rural to urban) Stages 3 & 4 – principal destinations of international migrants Stages 3 & 4 – intraregional migration (urban to suburban)

10. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Global Migration Patterns Figure 3-5

11. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. IV. Characteristics of Migrants A. Overview Most long-distance migrants are Male Adults Individuals Families with children are less common

12. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. IV. Characteristics of Migrants (cont.) B. Gender Traditionally, males outnumbered females In the United States today, 55 percent of immigrants = female C. Family status In the United States today, about 40 percent of immigrants = young adults, aged 25–39

13. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Tomorrow: Where do immigrants move?