1. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Click to continue Hodder Education Revision Lessons Urbanisation

2. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Urbanisation takes place when urban areas increase in size and population. One reasonis high birthrates andloweringdeath rates Another reason is high rates of migration from rural to urban areas Click to continue Urbanisation Fotolia

3. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Explain why economically poorer countries have high birth rates. Click to continue High birth rates in economically poorer countries Fotolia

4. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Question: Explain why developing countries have high birth rates. People cannot afford contraception and they find it difficult to obtain. It is traditional to have large families. Families have lots of children to ensure some will survive because of high infant mortality rates. Children are needed as workers. Click to continue High birth rates in economically poorer countries

5. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Life is hard in rural areas in economically poorer countries: There are few services such as healthcare and schools. There are limited job opportunities. Farming is the main job. There is poor water supply and sanitation. These are push factors because they push people away from rural areas. Click to continue Rural areasUrban areas Life is easier in urban areas in economically poorer countries: There is access to healthcare and medicine. There are more jobs and a range of types of jobs. Workers earn higher wages. These are pull factors because they pull people to the urban areas Why do people move from rural to urban areas?

6. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Few jobs except farming Lack of health services Little entertainment Lack of schools Lack of teachers Poor housing Extreme climate Complete the table to explain how push factors affect quality of life in rural areas. Click to continue Push factors

7. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Few jobs except farming Lack of health services Little entertainment Lack of schools Lack of teachers Poor housing Extreme climate Click to continue Push factors Which is hard work and low pay, so people have health problems and can’t afford to buy medicine. It is unreliable, so sometimes they have no food or money if there is a drought So people are ill more often and more likely to die (low life expectancy and high infant mortality rate) So people are bored and their quality of life is poor Because there are not enough children in the villages to be able to pay for a building or a teacher. Children might have to travel far to get to school and if they are working (fetching water/wood or farming) they might not have time to get there There are few people who are qualified to be teachers and pay is low, so many move to urban areas Because there is no water supply or electricity so no lighting or heat for cooking. There can be droughts or floods, so housing might be demolished Such as droughts, hurricanes and floods, so people, housing and farm animals are at risk and people could be homeless or lose all their possessions

8. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 There is more healthcare There are more schools Entertainment opportunities Better/more housing opportunities Greater choice of jobs Complete the table to explain how pull factors affect quality of life in urban areas. Click to continue Pull factors

9. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 There is more healthcare There are more schools Entertainment opportunities Better/more housing opportunities Greater choice of jobs Click to continue Pull factors Because there are more taxes being paid, so there is more money for the government to spend on healthcare Taxes help to provide the schools. Teachers are attracted by higher wages and better facilities Because there is more to do, so people’s quality of life is better because they are happier and have a better social life Which have electricity, water and sanitation and are better built, so safer and better living conditions so higher life expectancy/lower infant mortality So people can use or develop skills and it might be easier work than farming. Wages are also often higher

10. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Benefits for rural areasProblems for rural areas Benefits for urban areasProblems for urban areas Complete the table below to explain the benefits and problems of rural-to-urban migration. Click to continue What are the benefits and problems of rural-to-urban migration?

11. WJEC (B) GCSE Geography Theme 1 Topic 6 Benefits for rural areasProblems for rural areas Benefits for urban areasProblems for urban areas What are the benefits and problems of rural-to-urban migration? When family members move to urban areas, they often send back money to family members in rural areas so they can improve their quality of life Often it is skilled men who move to urban areas, leaving behind women, children and the elderly. They find it difficult to do all the jobs needed to survive, so are often short of food, wood and water Urban areas have a large population who is willing to work for low wages, so industry benefits. They also pay taxes, so there is more for the local authority to spend on services like healthcare Most people who move from rural areas end up living in shanty towns, which are dangerous places to live. There is also more pressure on water supply, schools and healthcare Click to continue