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1 Bridges 8 th Grade Science Butler Middle School Lowell, MA Bob, Paul and Ms Adams April 24, 2012
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2 Definition of a Bridge A structure spanning and providing passage over a gap or barrier, such as a river, road, railway or some other obstacle.
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Basic Types of Bridges Beam Common on Interstate Highways Suspension Can be quite long and high Roadway hangs from cables Can tolerate some movement in high wind Arch Very Strong
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Bridge Forces Compress Tension Bend Torsion Shear (squeeze) (stretch) (twisting) (cutting)
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What kind of Forces? Tension, Pulling Apart Compression, Squeeze
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Bending, Tension, Compression Tension Compression
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Forces that can damage a Bridge Torsion - Twisting Bending - Pushes two ends of an object in same direction
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Shearing Forces can also damage a Bridge Shear - Pushes in opposite directions within the material
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3 Spans across Merrimack River, Lowell, MA
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Forces in a Beam Bridge Bending, Compression and Tension Load Compression Forces Tension Forces Reaction
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Green St. Bridge over Concord River, Lowell, Ma
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Arch Bridge Forces Load Compression Forces Reaction
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Suspension Bridge Golden Gate, San Francisco, Ca. Load Tension Forces Reaction
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Newport, RI
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Tyngsborough, Ma. Merrimack River
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Bridge Street Bridge is a Truss Bridge
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Bridge Street Bridge, Lowell, Ma Which geometric shape is most noticeable and why?
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Triangle vs Rectangle Rigid Flexible (can change its shape)
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University Ave Bridge, Lowell Ma Summer April 9, 2009
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Paper Bridge Challenge Make a Bridge using 4 sheets of paper and a little tape
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