1. CELLS AND HEREDITY

2. Introduction

3. November 30, 2010 New Vocabulary List – back of spiral
Title of new list – “Heredity”
DNA -- a molecule found in cells that contains all the instructions for making new cells.
CHROMOSOME --found inside the nucleus of a cell, this structure contains the DNA
MITOSIS --occurs in eukaryotic cells, and is a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes.

4. Heredity -- The passing of traits from parents to offspring
Vocabulary
Heredity -- The passing of traits from parents to offspring
Genetics -- the study of how traits are passes on, or inherited.

5. Vocabulary (Heredity List)
Prophase – the first phase of mitosis, when the nuclear membrane disappears.
Metaphase – the second phase of mitosis, when replicated chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
Anaphase – the third phase of mitosis, when the chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell by spindle fibers
Telophase – the fourth phase of mitosis, when the nuclear membranes reform, and the cell membrane starts to pinch in to divide the cells.

6. Vocabulary Interphase – Before mitosis begins, chromosomes are copied.
Cytokinesis – after mitosis ends -- the division of cytoplasm of a cell.
Chromatid - a pair of identical DNA molecules after DNA replication, joined at the centromere.
Centriole – paired cylindrical organelles, arranged at right angles to each other, located at the center of the spindle fibers. 6

7. Single Cell and Multi-Cell Reproduction

8. Prokaryotes Bacteria Single-celled organisms
archaea
Defined as having no nucleus or membrane around the organelles
Most have cell walls
Contain a single circular chromosome in the nucleoid region
Divide through binary fission
Cell splits into two parts
Each cell has a copy of the DNA
formed about 3.5 billion years ago
Bacteria

9. Eukaryotes The cells of protozoa, higher plants and animals
highly structured -- complex
Tend to be larger than the cells of bacteria
Cell division is in three stages
Interphase
Mitosis
cytokinesis
See Animation

10. The Cell Cycle This is how a eukaryotic cell divides and replicates
Cells appear to be dividing at times, and then resting between divisions
Interphase is when a cell appears to be resting—but many important activities take place at this time.
See Animation
See Video

11. Mitosis http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

12. Mitosis