1. Meiosis

2. Haploid (n)-- one set of chromosomes
Diploid (2n)-- two sets of chromosomes
Most plant and animal and adult cells are diploid (2n)
Eggs and sperm are haploid (n)
Meiosis is a process to convert a diploid cell to a haploid gamete, and cause a change in the genetic information to increase diversity in the offspring.

4. Interphase
During this stage, each individual chromosome replicates,

6. Prophase 1
Each chromosome then actively seeks out its homologous chromosome, as shown in the graphical representation. After the homologous chromosomes pair, the structure is referred to as a tetrad (four chromatids)

9. Metaphase 1
At metaphase, each chromosome has reached its maximum density. The homologous pairs allign at the center of the cell.
Small fibers attach to the centromere.

11. Metaphase I
Metaphase I

12. Anaphase 1
Anaphase I pulls apart the tetrad, separating each homologous chromosome.

13. Anaphase 1

15. Telophase 1
two nuclear envelopes begin to surround the separate chromosomes and two separate cells form

16. Telophase

18. Prophase2
During Prophase II, each dyad (1/2 a tetrad) is composed of a pair of sister chromatids and they are connected by a centromere
Begins to move toward center of cell

19. Prophase2

21. Metaphase2
Metaphase II is similar to Metaphase I in that the dyads are lined up at a metaphase plate by the spindle fibers.

22. metaphase2

24. Anaphase 2
Anaphase II separates the dyads into individual chromatids. Each sister chromatid ends up on one side of the cell.

25. Anaphase 2

27. Telophase2
At the end of Telophase II, the nuclear envelopes forms around each set of DNA and the cytoplasm divides once again.
As a result, four haploid cells have formed from one diploid cell. The chromosomal content of a haploid cell in one-half the chromosomal content of a diploid cell ( n as opposed to 2n )

30. Two Laws
Mendel's Law of Segregation states that the 2 alleles of each gene pair separate into different gametes (egg or sperm) as these are formed prior to reproduction.

32. The law of independent assortment: during gamete formation the segregation of the alleles of one allelic pair is independent of the segregation of the alleles of another allelic pair