1. Bell Ringer! What is a political party? – organized group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions Who was the first “Democrat” president? –Andrew Jackson (1828) Who was the first “Republican” president? –Abraham Lincoln (1861)

2. 1 st Democrat President Andrew Jackson

3. Federalists strong federal government Whigs Republicans Anti-federalists weaker federal government Democratic-Republicans Democrats Rise of Modern Political Parties differed over role of federal government

4. Whigs Free Soil Party Anti-Slavery Democrats *Republican Party (1854) *Originally started by people who were against slavery and/or who opposed the spread of slavery into new territories

5. Republicans and Democrats then and now http://www.270towin.com/

6. 1856 Election Fremont – Republican candidate, war hero, supported admission of free states, against K-N act (received 33% of vote) Buchanan – Democratic candidate, from PA, lifelong bachelor, last president born in 1700s, avoided issue of slavery, ambassador to UK, said Republicans were extremists, expansionist (wanted to force Spain to sell Cuba to US to use as slave colony) (received 45% of vote) *WINNER! Fillmore – Know-Nothing candidate, ex-president, ignored issue of slavery in favor of anti-immigrant policies (received 22% of vote) White House here I come!

7. Abraham Lincoln Stephen Douglas

8. Lincoln – Douglas Debates In 1858, Abraham Lincoln challenged incumbent Stephen Douglas for his seat in the Senate. (Incumbent – the holder of an office or position) Abraham Lincoln (left) and Stephen Douglas (right)

9. Ottawa Debate

10. Douglas believed that each territory should be able to decide on its own whether or not to allow slavery by using popular sovereignty. Lincoln – Douglas Debates Stephen Douglas: Lincoln was wrong for wanting to end slavery, trying to do so will spark a Civil War

11. Believed that African Americans were guaranteed “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” as stated in the Declaration of Independence. Lincoln believed that slavery was evil and should be kept out of the new territories. Lincoln – Douglas Debates Abraham Lincoln:

12. However, Lincoln became well known throughout the nation. Lincoln – Douglas Debates Results: Douglas won the election by a slim margin. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RTqfpZkoXAQ 7 minutes

13. Simpsons – Lincoln/Douglas https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fNb3n tVqD4https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9fNb3n tVqD4

14. Classwork/Homework Double sided map Election of 1860 Civil War breaks out – who it on which side?

15. Bell Ringer! What does this quote mean? ‘A house divided against itself cannot stand.’ “I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall – but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other” Abraham Lincoln (1858), from first campaign speech running for US Senate