1. Restriction Enzymes Enzymes that CUT
DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence
May produce
blunt ends or
sticky ends.
Sequence cut is a palindrome - same letters forward and backwards!

2. Blunt End Cuts Used to isolate a fragment of DNA
Used to cut DNA into pieces for DNA fingerprinting

3. Sticky End Cuts
Used when one DNA fragment is combined with another DNA fragment to make RECOMBINANT DNA
Allow complementary base pairs to join together.

4. Where do Restriction Enzymes come from?
Found in bacteria
Enzymes are used to cut and degrade viruses that enter their cells
Named for species in which R.E. was found
Example: EcoR1 was first R.E. to be isolated from E. coli
Picture of the protein molecule
Sequence of bases cut by EcoR1

5. Practical Applications
Gene for human insulin or human growth hormone placed into a bacterial plasmid.
Gene for disease resistance placed into DNA in cells of a corn plant

7. What’s next?
We will use this information to model the genetic engineering of the hormone, insulin
You will choose the best restriction enzyme to cut out the insulin gene and place it into the bacterial plasmid