1. EE340 – Introduction to Nanoelectronic Devices
T. N. Jackson
Center for Thin Film Devices and Materials Research Institute,
Electrical Engineering, Penn State University

2. Life in the 21st Century

3. 2X increase in density / 2 years Lower cost
Moore’s Law
According to Moore:
~ 0.7X linear scale factor
2X increase in density / 2 years
Lower cost
Higher performance (~30% / 2 years)
At severe competitive disadvantage if don’t have newer technology
Has been going on for 40 years and will continue “somewhat” for another decade
SD 2007

4. N.B.: Performance also improves geometrically
Moore’s Law
# of Transistors
Year
Y. Borodovsky, 2006 SPIE Microlithography
Moore's Law: # of transistors in a given area doubles every 18 to 24 months
N.B.: Performance also improves geometrically
Computer Performance
M. Horowitz, 2005 IEDM

5. Intel 10-Core Xeon Westmere-EX (2011) 2.6 billion transistors
Moore’s Law
Intel 10-Core Xeon Westmere-EX
(2011) 2.6 billion transistors
32 nm lithography
8 m
Early Pentium
(1993-3,100, m)
80386
( , m)
80286
( , m)
HIV virus ~100 nm
45 nm lithography
Intel 2008 production
8088
( ,000-3m)
4004
( m)
22 nm lithography
Intel 2011 production

6. Moore’s Law "If the automobile industry advanced as rapidly as the
>1020 transistors
shipped in 2010
~3 transistors for each mm to the nearest star
~1 transistor for each km to the nearest galaxy
Source: Dataquest/Intel 12/’02
G. Moore, 2003 ISSCC
~106 transistors per cell in the human body
"If the automobile industry advanced as rapidly as the
semiconductor industry, a Rolls Royce would get a million miles per gallon, and it would be cheaper to throw it away than to park it" Gordon Moore, Intel 
"If the automobile industry advanced as rapidly as the
semiconductor industry, a Rolls Royce would cost about $250,000, but have about 1,000,000 steering wheels, 4,000,000 tires, 6,000,000 windows, and carry about 5,000,000 passengers, all very small.” Tom Jackson, Penn State

7. GAME OVER

8. Moore’s law is now largely irrelevant
Moore’s Law – The End
Moore’s law is now largely irrelevant
Increasingly, computation, control, communication, et cetera are “free” on the scale of the problem being solved
End of
Moore’s Law
High volume system cost
Furthermore, it’s ending 1 10
101
102
104
105
103
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
20??
106
Forget the red brick wall, worry about Maly’s law
Clarke’s first law: $
Processor chip cost
When a distinguished but elderly scientist states that something is possible he is almost certainly right. When he states that something is impossible, he is very probably wrong.
Arthur C. Clarke in Profiles of the Future
Year
Elderly: In physics, mathematics and astronautics it means over thirty; in other disciplines, senile decay is sometimes postponed to the forties. There are of course, glorious exceptions; but as every researcher just out of college knows, scientists of over fifty are good for nothing but board meetings, and should at all costs be kept out of the laboratory.
Arthur C. Clarke in Profiles of the Future
* Wojciech P. Maly, Carnegie Mellon University

9. Moore’s Law Alternatives  New Electronic Progress
Example: displays
UXGA
1600x1200
32b color
SXGA
1280x1024
32b color
Primordial
ooze
XGA
1024x768
16b color
WUXGA
1920x1200
32b color
VGA
640x480
16 colors
QWUXGA
3840x2400
32b color
EGA
640x350
16 colors
CGA
320x200
4 colors
Samsung 82”, HDTV, ~12.5×106 TFTs

10. Large Area Electronics - Displays
Electronic progress by scale-up, not scale down
Applied Materials/AKT-40K PECVD (Gen 7)
1.88 m x 2.15 m glass plates (~ mm wafers)
Gordon Moore, 2003 IEEE ISSCC
One Gen VII display factory builds ~60,000 ~4 m2 mm panels/month
~3 × 106 m2/year (~730 acres), ~0.1 m2/s, ~5 × 106 kg of glass/year

11. Organic circuits on polyester substrates
Low-cost devices and circuits on arbitrary substrates
Electronics anywhere
Organic circuits on polyester substrates
OTFT/OLED Display
Organic circuits
OTFTs on non-planar surfaces
Solution processed organic devices and circuits
C-Si strain sensors
Photoresist-free patterning
Nanobiomotors
a-Si:H active matrix OLED display
Transistors on cloth
ZnO Circuits
PZT RF MEMS switches
ZnO Circuits
ZnO Circuits