1. Tennessee Geography Intersecting with Tennessee History A Unit Presented by John M. Isabell

2. Geologic Map of Tennessee

3. Six Geologic Regions of Tennessee
Blue Ridge Mountains
Great Valley of Tennessee
Cumberland Plateau
Highland Rim
Nashville Basin (aka Central Basin)
Gulf Coastal Plain

4. Relief Map of Tennessee

5. Major Rivers & Lakes of Tennessee
The Mississippi River
The Tennessee River
The Cumberland River
Reelfoot Lake

6. Annual Precipitation in Tennessee

7. Climate Facts About Tennessee
Average Summer Temperature is degrees Fahrenheit
Average Winter Temperature rarely falls below 10 degrees Fahrenheit
Tennessee Averages 50 inches of Precipitation a year

8. Prehistoric Native American Groups in Tennessee
Paleo-Indians (15,000 years ago) Hunters/Gatherers
Archaic Indians (8,000 years ago) First to begin farming
Woodland Indians (1000 –800 B.C.) First permanent settlements and were mound builders
Mississippian Indians (1000 A.D.) Mound builders with large, complext societies

9. Mound near Nashville, TN

10. Old Stone Fort of Mississippian Era

11. Artist’s rendition of a Mississippian Village

12. Marble Statues of Mississippian Culture

13. Painting of Mississippian Era Indian circa 1565

14. Major Historic Native American Groups in Tennessee
Cherokee
Chickasaw
Creek (includes remnants of Yuchi)
Shawnee

15. Detail Map of Location of Major Eastern Native American Tribes

16. Spanish Explorers in Tennessee
Hernando de Soto (1540)
Juan Pardo (1566

17. French Explorers in Tennessee
Father Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet (1673)
Robert Cavalier de La Salle ( )
Jean Couture (1696)
French Traders establish trading post at Great Salt Lick/French Lick (Nashville)

18. English Explorers James Needham & Gabriel Arthur (1673)
Needham is killed by guide known as Indian John.

19. Long Hunters Explore Tennessee
Dr. Thomas Walker explores into Kentucky and Tennessee: Names the Cumberland Gap after Lord Cumberland
Daniel Boone also explores into Kentucky and Tennessee and leads many settlers through the Cumberland Gap

20. Stahlnaker: Indian Trader who may have given Thomas Walker Directions for the Cumberland Gap

21. Daniel Boone leading settlers through the Cumberland Gap

22. Settlers Spread into Tennessee
First settler is William Bean in Others soon follow and establish the settlement of Watauga.
James Robertson leads first large group to what will become Watauga in

23. The Watauga Association Commissioners

24. James Robertson

25. Two Journeys To Cumberland Settlements
James Robertson leads party of men and livestock overland through the Cumberland Gap.
They have some encounters with Native Americans, but have relatively easy trip.
John Donelson leads women and children by riverboat on the Tennessee, Ohio and Cumberland Rivers
They encounter horrid weather, hostile Native Americans and endure great hardships.

26. The Cumberland Settlements