1. Lecture 23.3 Pollution and recycling

2. Pollution types Natural: volcanic eruptions – dust, toxic gases, ash released Natural: volcanic eruptions – dust, toxic gases, ash released Human made: waste from manufacturing, burning fuels, garbage Human made: waste from manufacturing, burning fuels, garbage Mt. Etna Sicily Coal power plant

3. Air pollution CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Combustion releases CO 2 Combustion releases CO 2 21 billion tons a year 21 billion tons a year CO 2 is a greenhouse gas CO 2 is a greenhouse gas Effect: world’s temperature is rising Effect: world’s temperature is rising

4. Other air pollutants NO X compounds + sunlight creates smog NO X compounds + sunlight creates smog Ground-level ozone makes asthma worse Ground-level ozone makes asthma worse Sulfur compounds make rain pH 4-5 Sulfur compounds make rain pH 4-5 Smog damages plants, crops Smog damages plants, crops Smog masks in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

5. Water pollution Causes: 1. Oil spills 2. Fertilizers (Eutrophication) 3. Sewage 4. Heat pollution 5. Nuclear 6. Plastics & other garbage down storm drains Great Pacific garbage patch

6. fertilizers get into waterways get into waterways Extra nitrogen cause algae blooms Extra nitrogen cause algae blooms Decaying algae use up O 2 in water Decaying algae use up O 2 in water kills fish kills fish Pesticides also enter the water cycle from agriculture Pesticides also enter the water cycle from agriculture Clear Lake, CA

7. Land contaminants Lead – from fuels before 1970 Lead – from fuels before 1970 Dioxin (used in making paper) causes cancer Dioxin (used in making paper) causes cancer Each person in the US throws away 1000 lbs of garbage a year Each person in the US throws away 1000 lbs of garbage a year Landfills pollute ground water Landfills pollute ground water

8. Reducing pollution Cleaner, efficient cars or carpooling, mass transit Cleaner, efficient cars or carpooling, mass transit Less energy use: turning off lights, electronics Less energy use: turning off lights, electronics Re-useable bags for groceries, Re-useable bags for groceries, Proper disposal of : Proper disposal of : Batteries, electronics, & other house hold toxin Batteries, electronics, & other house hold toxin Don’t use poisons in your house or garden Don’t use poisons in your house or garden

9. Recycling: the final way to prevent pollution Yard waste into mulch Yard waste into mulch Table scraps into compost Table scraps into compost Plastic bottles become clothing Plastic bottles become clothing Paper recycling could eliminate 41% of landfill space Paper recycling could eliminate 41% of landfill space Metal recycling reduces mining, habitat destruction Metal recycling reduces mining, habitat destruction Petaluma methane gas to electricity plant at Landfill site

10. What can you to do now to have a clean world in the future? Linfan, China San Francisco, CA 1.Name one kind of air pollution. 2.Name one kind of land pollution. 3.Name one kind of water pollution.