1. 20.5.1 DEDUCE THE REACTION PATHWAYS GIVEN THE STARTING MATERIAL AND THE PRODUCT. (ONLY TWO CONVERSIONS REQUIRED) 20.5 Reaction Pathways

2. Additional Reaction Pathways HL

3. Reaction Pathways You are responsible to be able to convert a reactant into any product listed here, but it can only be through 2 steps. Could be anything, however we’ll focus on the one that is mentioned in the syllabus

4. Conversion of 1-bromopropane to 1-butylamine 1.1-bromopropane can be reacted with potassium cyanide (KCN) to form butanenitrile. 2.Butanenitrile is reduced by heating with hydrogen and a nickel catalyst to form 1- butylamine.

5. Step 1: forming nitrile This example shows the mechanism for bromoethane, but it would be similar for 1-bromopropane.

6. Step 2: forming amide It would be propanenitrile, instead of an unknown chain length and we would heat it with hydrogen and use Ni as a catalyst.

7. Try a couple on your own. You can look at the flow chart and make them up, or try these. Don’t forget to mention conditions for the steps involved. 1.Conversion of 2-butene to 2-butanamine 2.Conversion of propene to butanenitrile