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Main task Upper atmospheres (and magnetospheres) in the context of solar/stellar wind plasma and radiation interaction Main research topics 1.Upper atmosphere response to solar/stellar activity Monte Carlo & test-particle upper atmosphere and SW-plasma interaction codes → atmosphere evolution, exoplanets 2.Exoplanet Magnetospheres Structure, topology, and dynamics of exoplanetary magnetospheres Refereed publications (since Jan 2013) Total: 15 (first author: 11) Educational activities (since Jan 2013) PhD thesis: 1; Master theses: 2 Lecturing at University of Graz Upper Atmosphere Physics IWF/ÖAW1
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Lead: Helmut Lammer Members Staff: O. Archipov, M. L. Khodachenko, K. G. Kislyakova, H.I.M. Lichtenegger, M. Pfleger, J. Sasunov Students: PhD: P. Odert; Master: I. Juvan, S.-C. Schiefer Cooperation within IWF Atmosphere response to solar activity (Baur et al.) Solar/stellar winds/radio signals & exoplanets (Fischer et al.) Solar wind and magnetospheric interaction studies (Nakamura et al.) Heliospheric physics (Narita et al.) CoRoT/Cheops: exoplanet characterization (Steller et al.) Key external collaboration Austria: IfA, Univ. Vienna; Germany: DLR; Sweden: IRF; Finland: FMI; Belgium: University of Leuven; Spain: Univ. de les Illes Balears; Russia: ICM/RAS Krasnoyarsk, INASAN Moscow, Inst. of Laser Phys./RAS, Moscow State Univ. Who are we? IWF/ÖAW2
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Extreme solar events → young Sun/stars Thermosphere density response GRACE Correlation with solar proxies Upper atmosphere impact of super-flares Photochemical processes → suprathermal “hot” atoms (H, O, C, N) Monte Carlo modeling of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) and exosphere formation and escape Model validation: VEX, MEX, Earth obs. IWF/ÖAW3 Upper Atmosphere Physics [Gröller et al., PSS, 2014]
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4 Surface Sputtering / Stellar Dynamics IWF/ÖAW Surface sputtering → airless bodies Plasma surface interaction Particle release from surfaces due to solar radiation and plasma Precursor studies: BepiColombo, JUICE Kepler stars photometry → deep mixing Variation of 513 stellar LC spectral harmonics Time scale 1 of the first rotational harmonic ~ theoretical turnover time MLT of deep mixing Remote probing of stellar deep convection IWF/ÖAW4 11 MLT Callisto: sputtered O exosphere
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Escape of nebula-based or degassed protoatmospheres from early Solar System planets and “super-Earths” (exoplanets) Hydro-code development Thermosphere EUV heating Atmosphere expansion Thermal escape of H, O, C Dragging of O, C, N, CO 2, etc. Effect on density, radius-mass IWF/ÖAW5 Atmosphere Evolution [Rauer et al., Exp. Astron., 2014] [Lammer et al., MNRAS, 2014] Mars-size planetary embryo at 1 AU
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Characterization of exoplanet exosphere-magnetosphere environments by UV observations and hydrogen cloud, stellar radiation and plasma interaction modeling Hydrogen coronae modeling ENA heating feedback studies Plasma interaction & ion escape Space weather effect studies HST UV spectra reproduction IWF/ÖAW6 Exoplanet Environments [Kislyakova et al., A&A, 2014][Kislyakova et al., Astrobiol., 2013]
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MHD simulations of the flow-driven magnetodisk formation No or weak rotation case: Stellar XUV atm. heating & expansion deformation of dipole field inner region locked plasma thin disk region plasma follows field lines Experimental confirmation of the flow-driven magnetodisk formation typical topology of magnetic field electric current sheet in the equatorial plane IWF/ÖAW Exoplanet Magnetospheres 7
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Solar/stellar plasma dynamics: Solar Orbiter Tachocline, photosphere, chromosphere, corona Upper atmosphere solar activity response: MEX, VEX, LEOs, etc. Hot C, O, N & H atom escape from Venus, Earth, Mars, exoplanets Model validation on solar event (CMEs) studies at Earth’s thermosphere Solar activity & plasma response on Mercury’s and Jovian satellite surfaces: BepiColombo, JUICE EUV, CME & plasma related particle release and exosphere formation Origin & evolution of atmospheres, exoplanets: CoRoT, CHEOPS Protoatmosphere escape studies (sub- to super-Earths) Upper atmosphere structure, radiation & particle heating Stellar plasma electrodynamics/exoplanet and exo- magnetosphere hypotheses tests via Lyman-α diagnostic Future Plans: 2015-2018 IWF/ÖAW 8
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Thank you IWF/ÖAW9
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Doz. Dr. Helmut Lammer Career Summary since 1991at Institut für Weltraumforschung, ÖAW, Austria since 2014Lecturer in Astrophysics, University of Graz, Austria Publications Refereed Articles:213(First Author: 42, Monograph: 2) Citations in SCI:3450(Hirsch Index: 33) Research Interests Planetary aeronomy Formation of exospheres and escape processes Evolution of atmospheres and habitability Exoplanet environment characterization Editorial Boards since 2001Editor, Astrobiology (Mary Ann Libert Publ.) since 2002Member Editorial Board, Int. Journal of Astrobiology 2007-2009Associate Editor, Journal of Geophysical Research 10IWF/ÖAW
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