1. 1 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

2. 2 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.63 Understanding exchange rates PF412.64 Understanding daily economic indicators Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues PF412.59 Understanding the national budget Notional Hours Total Notional Hours PF412.60 Understanding inflation PF412.61 Understanding things monetary and fiscal PF412.62 Understanding interest rates 12 10 6 10 12 10 60 P&P4FM National budget P&P4FM Financial matters P&P4FM Economics ModulesTopics

3. 3 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.59 Understanding the national budget Critical Cross-field Outcomes Identify and solve problems Work effectively with others Communicate effectively Organise and manage myself and my activities Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information Use science and technology effectively and critically Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems Use mathematics Learner and societal development Understand the division of revenue Understand government debt and debt service cost Be able to present interpretations of the budget using different representations Understand where government gets its revenue from Understand what GDP is Understand the inclusion of unallocated contingency reserve in the budget Understand the budget allocation between national, provincial and local government Understand what the budget deficit is and how it is calculated Understand the basic budget cycle US: 9014 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

4. 4 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Topic Specification: PF412.59 Understanding the national budget Collect Information Use Multi media Self Study Plant investigation Media search Interview experts Attend lectures Analyse, plan and make decisions Group Discussions Illustrate Case studies Calculate Analyse and compare Execute, test and evaluate Job assignment Make presentation Complete documents Draft a report Complete a questionnaire Learning ActivitiesTopic assessment criteria The assessor will observe and confirm that learners: Are able to analyse the national budget in terms of income and expenditure Are able to explain the cost of government services Are able to explain government’s priorities as reflected in the budget Are able to explain government debt and the cost thereof Are able to use basic maths to analyse the national budget Are able to make use of different representations to present interpretation of the budget Assignment Description WHATWHAT HOW Notional Hours 4 An individual exercise to study and analyse the national budget and to present findings using different representations 1.Learners to obtain relevant extracts of the national budgets over a given period from the internet 2.Compare the division of revenue of the current and previous year’s budgets using pie charts and indicate, where applicable, shifts in government priorities 3.Illustrate the different sources of government revenue and the percentage contribution of the different sources for two consecutive years and indicate changes 4.Analyse government debt and debt services costs as a % of GDP over a given period and present findings using tables and graphs 5.Determine the budget deficit as a percentage of the GDP over a given period 6.Present findings to group and discuss findings in a group

5. 5 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.60 Understanding inflation Critical Cross-field Outcomes Identify and solve problems Work effectively with others Communicate effectively Organise and manage myself and my activities Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information Use science and technology effectively and critically Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems Use mathematics Learner and societal development Understand the causes of inflation Understand how inflation is measured and expressed Understand what inflation is Understand the effect of inflation on debtors and creditors Understand government spending and inflation Understand the governments’s inflation targeting Be able to calculate the rate inflation over specific periods Understand the economic effects of inflation Understand the social and political effects of inflation TOPIC SPECIFICATION US: 9014 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

6. 6 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Topic Specification: PF412.60 Understanding inflation Collect Information Use Multi media Self Study Plant investigation Media search Interview experts Attend lectures Analyse, plan and make decisions Group Discussions Illustrate Case studies Calculate Analyse and compare Execute, test and evaluate Job assignment Make presentation Complete documents Draft a report Complete a questionnaire Learning ActivitiesTopic assessment criteria The assessor will observe and confirm that learners: Understand what inflation is, what causes inflation and its effects on the social and economic environment Understand the link between government spending and inflation Use mathematics to calculate rates of inflation Are able to analyse the movement of inflation and compare government’s inflation targeting to actual targeting Assignment Description WHATWHAT HOW Notional Hours 4 A individual and group exercise to determine the rates of inflation over specific periods using formulae, and to discuss the social, political and economic impact of inflation as well as governments ability to deal with inflation 1.Facilitator to provide learners with relevant consumer prices 2.Calculate following inflation rates using formulae provided by facilitator – Month on same month during previous year Month on previous month at an annual rate Quarterly average on previous quarterly average an an annual rate Annual average on annual average 3.Learners to study inflation rates provided by the facilitator over a given period and present the movement of inflation using graphs 4.Group discussion to discuss inflation and its social, political and economic impact and government’s ability to curb inflation 1.

7. 7 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.61 Understanding things monetary and fiscal Critical Cross-field Outcomes Identify and solve problems Work effectively with others Communicate effectively Organise and manage myself and my activities Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information Use science and technology effectively and critically Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems Use mathematics Learner and societal development Understand the function of the Reserve Bank Know the difference between fiscal and monetary Understand why the Reserve Bank and the banking sector as a whole should be independent Understand the money supply, inflation and interest rates Understand the factors that can influence money supply US: 9014 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

8. 8 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Topic Specification: PF412.61 Understanding things monetary and fiscal Collect Information Use Multi media Self Study Plant investigation Media search Interview experts Attend lectures Analyse, plan and make decisions Group Discussions Illustrate Case studies Calculate Analyse data Execute, test and evaluate Job assignment Make presentation Complete documents Draft a report Complete a questionnaire Learning ActivitiesTopic assessment criteria The assessor will observe and confirm that learners: Ability to present the decrease/increase of interest rates over a given period Understanding of the reasons behind increases/decreases Understanding the factors that influence money supply Understanding of money supply in relation to inflation and interest rates Understanding of the role of the Reserve Bank Assignment Description WHATWHAT HOW Notional Hours 4 An individual exercise to present the decrease/increase of interest rates over a given period and a group exercise to discuss reasons for the decrease/increase 1.Facilitator to provide learners with relevant newspaper articles or other literature dealing with the increase/decrease of the interest rates over a given period 2.Learners (individually) to study the literature, analyse the data and present data using appropriate representations 3.Learners, with the assistance of the facilitator, to discuss the reasons for the increase/decrease of interest rates by the Reserve Bank

9. 9 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.62 Understanding interest rates Critical Cross-field Outcomes Identify and solve problems Work effectively with others Communicate effectively Organise and manage myself and my activities Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information Use science and technology effectively and critically Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems Use mathematics Learner and societal development Understand the different interest rates (e.g. repo rate, bank rate) Be able to calculate real interest Understand the difference between real and nominal interest rates Understand the advantages/disadvantages between fixed and flexible rates Understand factors influencing the determination of interest rates US: 9014 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

10. 10 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Topic Specification: PF412.62 Understanding interest rates Collect Information Use Multi media Self Study Plant investigation Media search Interview experts Attend lectures Analyse, plan and make decisions Group Discussions Illustrate Case studies Calculate Analyse and compare Execute, test and evaluate Job assignment Make presentation Complete documents Draft a report Complete a questionnaire Learning ActivitiesTopic assessment criteria The assessor will observe and confirm that learners: Are able to explain the importance of inflation when planning for retirement Are able to explain how interest rates are determined Are able to explain the difference between real and nominal interest and calculate real interest Are able to calculate rate of return of an investment by using available tools (excel, Microsoft works etc.) Understanding of the advantages/disadvantages of fixed and flexible rates Assignment Description WHATWHAT HOW Notional Hours 4 An individual study to determine the projected return on an investment over a given period using realistic inflation and interest rates and a group case study to evaluate the best return on investment,i.e. fixed-deposit at a bank versus buying a home versus buying a production machine 1.Individual learners to calculate the projected return on an investment using given formulae 2.Give feedback to the group by means of appropriate representations and discuss the importance of inflation when planning for retirement 3.Facilitator to provide learners with actual inflation rates, interest rates and average annual rise in family homes over the previous 10 years 4.Learners to calculate the return on the fixed-deposit and compare that with that of a house/machine bought 1.

11. 11 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.63 Understanding exchange rates Critical Cross-field Outcomes Identify and solve problems Work effectively with others Communicate effectively Organise and manage myself and my activities Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information Use science and technology effectively and critically Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems Use mathematics Learner and societal development Understand how the rate of exchange is quoted Understand how the exchange rate is determined Understand what the rate of exchange is Understand the importance of South African imports and exports Understand what the balance of payment is and its influence on the exchange rate Understand the composition of South Africa’s exports and imports Know South Africa’s major trading partners Understand foreign exchange losses Understand the balance of payments as a monthly indicator US: 9014 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

12. 12 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Topic Specification: PF412.63 Understanding exchange rates Collect Information Use Multi media Self Study Plant investigation Media search Interview experts Attend lectures Analyse, plan and make decisions Group Discussions Illustrate Case studies Calculate Analyse and compare Execute, test and evaluate Job assignment Make presentation Complete documents Draft a report Complete a questionnaire Learning ActivitiesTopic assessment criteria The assessor will observe and confirm that learners: Are able to explain the importance of South Africa’s import and export and import and its composition Are able to explain the balance of payments Are able to explain how the exchange rate is determined and the impact of the exchange rate on import and export Are able to explain the impact of the exchange rate on foreign exchange losses Are able to explain the current and capital account Assignment Description WHATWHAT HOW Notional Hours 4 An individual and group exercise to determine impact of the depreciation/appreciation of the rand on the cost of buying production equipment 1.Facilitator to provide learners with the the rate of exchange over a given period and the cost of various production equipment (import as well as export) 2.Individually calculate the cost of production equipment over the given periods using the exchange rates provided by the facilitator 3.Analyse the costs and present findings to the rest of the group by making use of illustrations (graphs etc.) 4.In a group, discuss the impact of the exchange rate on foreign exchange losses

13. 13 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 PF412.64 Understanding daily economic indicators Critical Cross-field Outcomes Identify and solve problems Work effectively with others Communicate effectively Organise and manage myself and my activities Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information Use science and technology effectively and critically Demonstrate an understanding of the world as a set of related systems Use mathematics Learner and societal development Understand the gold price as an economic indicator Understand Platinum as an economic indicator Understand brent oil as an economic indicator Understand the foreign currencies as economic indicators (Dollar, Pound, Euro) Understand the African currencies as economic indicators (Pula, Zim) Understand the main financial markets as economic indicators (JSE etc) US: 9014 Use mathematics to investigate and monitor the financial aspects of personal and business and national issues

14. 14 Commissioned by PAMSA and German Technical Co-Operation National Certificate in Paper & Pulp Manufacturing NQF Level 4 Topic Specification: PF412.64 Understanding exchange rates Collect Information Use Multi media Self Study Plant investigation Media search Interview experts Attend lectures Analyse, plan and make decisions Group Discussions Illustrate Case studies Analyse data Prepare list Execute, test and evaluate Job assignment Make presentation Complete documents Draft a report Complete a questionnaire Learning ActivitiesTopic assessment criteria The assessor will observe and confirm that learners: Are able to explain the purpose of the daily financial market indicators Are able to explain the likely effect of downward or upward movement of these indicators Are able to understand the different economic indicators as a reflection of the economy on a day- to-day basis Are able to follow the movement of indicators over a given period and to present findings using appropriate representations Assignment Description WHATWHAT HOW Notional Hours 4 An individual exercise to study the movement of the daily indicators broadcasted on the news over a given period and a group discussion to determine possible reasons and effects on the economy of the movements 1.Make notes of in the individual financial market indicators broadcasted daily on TV over a given period 2.Analyse the data and present results to the group using appropriate representation 3.With the assistance of the facilitator discuss the possible causes for the downward or upward movement and possible effects on the economy