1. Lesson 2 Animals With Backbones
Animal Kingdom
Lesson 2
Animals With Backbones

2. What are vertebrates? Animal with a backbone is called a vertebrate.
The backbone is part of the endoskeleton.
Holds up the body
Allows big animals to move around.

3. 7 Classes of vertebrates
Jawless fish
Cartilaginous fish
Bony fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

4. Warm-blooded or Cold-blooded
A warm-blooded animal has a body temperature that stays the same.
Warm-blooded uses energy from food to keep the same body temperature.
A cold-blooded animal has a body temperature that changes.
The temperature changes with it’s surroundings.
They get heat from outside its body

5. Fish Fish are cold-blooded vertebrates.
There are 3 classes of fish: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish.
Jawless fish- have skeletons made of cartilage, mouths that act like suction cups, and they have no bones in their mouth.
Example: lamprey

6. Fish continued
Cartilaginous fish- also have a skeleton made of cartilage
Example of a cartilaginous fish : shark
Bony fish- largest class of vertebrates
Have skeletons made of bones and they are covered in scales.
Examples of bony fish: goldfish, bass, and tuna

7. Classes of Vertebrates
Cold-blooded: cartilaginous fish, reptiles, jawless fish, amphibians, and bony fish
Warm-blooded: birds and mammals

8. Quick Check
Which type of vertebrate has a body temperature that stays the same?
Which type of vertebrate has a body temperature that changes with its surroundings?
Which classes of vertebrates are warm-blooded?
Are most classes of vertebrates warm-blooded or cold-blooded?

9. What are some other vertebrate groups?
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds

10. Amphibians Cold-blooded Spend part of lives in water and part on land
Skin needs to stay wet or if it dries out it will die
Adults have lungs, but it can also breathe through its skin.
Must live near the water

11. Reptiles Include snakes, turtles, and lizards Cold-blooded vertebrates
Have dry skin that is covered with scales or plates
They breathe with lungs and do NOT breathe through their skin
Their eggs have a tough covering that protects them and keeps them from drying out.

12. Birds Warm-blooded vertebrates with feathers
Feathers are light but keep them warm and dry.
They have beaks and two legs with clawed feet.
Not all birds fly
Their bones are lightweight, hollow to help them fly.
Have strong muscles and lungs
They lay eggs with strong shells and most sit on their eggs to keep them warm until they hatch.

13. What are mammals? You are a mammal!
Is a warm-blooded vertebrate with fur or hair.
Can live in trees, water, and most other places on Earth!
Give birth to live young, but some lay eggs.
Mammals care for their young and females give milk to their young.

14. Groups of Mammals
Mammals that lay eggs- only one is the duck-billed platypus and the spiny anteater
Mammals with pouches- kangaroos, koalas, and opossums carry their young in pouches until the young are fully grown.
Mammals that develop inside- sheep, bats, apes, and all other mammals develop inside the mother’s body.

15. Quick Check
A mammal’s body temperature stays the same. It is ____________.
Mammals have fur or _________.
Mammals can live in trees, ________, or __________.
Name an example of a mammal that has a pouch.