1. They’re breathing and have a pulse, now what do I do?
Secondary Assessment
They’re breathing and have a pulse, now what do I do?

2. Secondary Assessment
After the initial assessment, conduct a secondary assessment
Do a head-to-toe exam for a conscious adult and a toe-to-head exam for an infant/child

3. DVD Segment: Secondary Assessment

4. Use SAMPLE as an easy way to remember the questions for secondary exam
S – Signs and symptoms
A – Allergies
M – Medications
P – Pertinent past medical history
L – Last oral intake
E – Events leading up to the incident

5. Sudden Illness Victims of sudden illness generally look and feel ill
Check victim and look for medical ID bracelet
Do not be afraid to ask questions
Condition can worsen if nothing is done

6. Sudden Illness Diabetic emergency Seizure in the water Stroke Fainting
Poisoning
Insect stings
Snake and spider bites

7. DVD Segment: Sudden Illness

8. Wounds Injury to soft tissue is called a wound
Internal bleeding: skin’s surface is not broken and there is damage below the surface
External bleeding: break in the skin’s surface

9. DVD Segment: Wounds

10. Shock Any serious injury/illness can cause shock
Shock is a natural reaction by the body and means the condition is serious

11. Shock Signs and symptoms… Altered levels of consciousness
Restlessness/irritability
Altered levels of consciousness
Pale/ashen
Cool/moist skin
Excessive thirst
Nausea

12. Shock How to care for shock… Call 911 Monitor ABC’s Control bleeding
Raise legs 12 inches
Keep comfortable
Reassure

13. Heat-Related Emergencies
Heat Cramps: muscle spasms that occur in the legs and abdomen
Heat Exhaustion: early indicator that body’s cooling system is shutting down
- Headache/nausea/dizzy
- Heavy sweating
Heat stroke: Body’s system is overwhelmed
- Red/hot/dry skin
- Vomiting
- Changes in consciousness

14. Cold-Related Emergencies
Frostbite: Freezing of body parts exposed to the cold
Hypothermia: Entire body is cooled

15. Cold-Related Emergencies
Frostbite…
Loss of feeling in affected area
Skin may appear waxy, cold or discolored
Does NOT have to be extermely cold for someone to suffer a cold-related emergenciy, especially if they are wet or if it is windy

16. DVD Segment: Heat-Related Emergencies

17. DVD Segment: Cold-Related Emergencies