0. DIFFERENT WAYS OF LEARNING
Teachers, Schools,
and Society
A Brief Introduction to Education
Third Edition
David Miller Sadker
Karen R. Zittleman
Chapter 2
DIFFERENT WAYS OF LEARNING

1. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO LEARNING STYLES

2. CREATING A PRODUCTIVE LEARNING CLIMATE: MYTHS AND FACTS
Student Generated Responses
SELECTED MYTHS:
Students learn best in quiet surroundings.
FACTS:
Students learn best in well-lighted areas.
STUDENT GENERATED MYTHS:

3. Teaching Tips for Different Learning Styles
Visual Learners
1. Use guided-imagery and illustrations
2. Create graphs or charts of important information
Student-Generated Responses…
Auditory Learners
1. Encourage students to study with a friend, so they can talk through important concepts
2. Create a safe classroom community where students feel welcome to ask questions
Kinesthetic/Tactile Learners
1. Use role-plays to bring important concepts to life
2. Encourage students to underline or color-code reading materials to help focus their attention.

4. Classroom Applications of Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences Design Activities that Emphasize Each Intelligence
1. Logical-Mathematical
2. Linguistic
3. Bodily-Kinesthetic
4. Musical
5. Spatial
6. Interpersonal
7. Intrapersonal
8. Naturalist
9. Other(s)?

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF GIFTEDNESS

6. APPROACHES TO TEACHING GIFTED STUDENTS
Student Generated Responses
Advantages
Disadvantages
Enriched Curricular Offerings
Acceleration
Other(s)

7. CRITICAL PRINCIPLES OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
Student Generated Definitions and Examples
Zero Reject
Appropriate Education
Nondiscriminatory Education
Least-Restrictive Environment
Procedural Due Process
Individualized Education Program (IEP)

8. APPROPRIATE EDUCATION IN THE LEAST RESTRICTIVE ENVIRONMENT FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
Adapted from: William Howard, Exceptional Children: An Introduction to Special Education (9th ed. P. 78). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

9. DISTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS SERVED UNDER IDEA
Source: U.S. Department of Education, Children and Youth with Disabilities, Table A-6-1 (2010).

10. ACCOMMODATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
KEY POINTS:
Use group work
Use hands-on and activity-based learning
Adjust the type and length of assignments
Individualize instruction (use support staff)
Carefully select materials or create your own
Present information orally and visually
Use technology
Examine the classroom environment
Use various forms of assessment