1. Using New Technologies in Training

2. Use of New Technology in Training (1 of 3) n 24 percent of companies have a separate technology-based training budget n 18 percent of companies have full- time trainers who are paid from the information technology department’s budget n The most frequently used technology in training is the Internet / intranet / extranet (54 percent of companies)(54 percent of companies)

3. Use of New Technology in Training (2 of 3) n Training delivered by the computer: 60 percent is not instructor-led and is done through self-paced Web courses60 percent is not instructor-led and is done through self-paced Web courses 32 percent uses CD-ROM / DVD / diskettes32 percent uses CD-ROM / DVD / diskettes n 34 percent of online learning follows the classroom learning model i.e., connects trainees with an instructor or other studentsi.e., connects trainees with an instructor or other students

4. Use of New Technology in Training (3 of 3) n 80 percent of companies who use e-learning are creating the content of these programs internally n Of those companies who use e- learning: 56 percent offer it to all employees56 percent offer it to all employees 45 percent offer it to select groups of employees45 percent offer it to select groups of employees 26 percent offer it to customers26 percent offer it to customers

5. Technologies’ Influence on Training and Learning: n New technologies have made it possible to: Reduce the costsReduce the costs Increase the effectivenessIncrease the effectiveness Help training contribute to business goalsHelp training contribute to business goals n New technologies include: MultimediaMultimedia Distance learningDistance learning Expert systemsExpert systems Electronic support systemsElectronic support systems Training software applicationsTraining software applications

6. Technology has made several benefits possible: n Employee control n As needed access n Employee choice n Electronic administration n Monitoring n Traditional methods dispersed

7. Technology allows digital collaboration to occur: n Digital collaboration - the use of technology to enhance and extend employees’ abilities to work together regardless of their geographic proximity n Digital collaboration includes: electronic messaging systemselectronic messaging systems electronic meeting systemselectronic meeting systems online communities of learningonline communities of learning n Digital collaboration can be: Synchronous, AsynchronousSynchronous, Asynchronous

8. Classroom Learning Environment Learner Experts Resource Materials Trainer / Instructor Delivery Content

9. Technological Learning Environment Learner Resource Materials Websites Delivery Mechanism Content Experts Trainer / Instructor

10. Blended Learning Environment Learner Resource Materials Websites Online Learning Experts Trainer / Instructor Delivery Content Trainer / Instructor Delivery Content

11. Multimedia Training n Multimedia training combines audiovisual training methods with computer-based training n Integrate text, graphics, animation, audio, and video n Trainee can interact with the content n Delivered using interactive video, the Internet or intranets

12. Advantages and Disadvantages of Multimedia Training: Advantages n Self-paced n Interactive n Consistency of content n Consistency of delivery n Unlimited geographic accessibility n Immediate feedback n Built-in guidance system n Appeals to multiple senses n Can test and certify mastery n Privacy Disadvantages n Expensive to develop n Ineffective for certain training content n Trainee anxiety with using technology n Difficult to quickly update n Lack of agreement on effectiveness

13. Computer-Based Training n Computer-based training (CBT) is an interactive training experience in which: computer provides learning stimuluscomputer provides learning stimulus trainee must respondtrainee must respond computer analyzes responses, providescomputer analyzes responses, provides

14. CD-ROM, DVD, Laser Disc Interactive Video The Internet, Web-Based Training, and E-Learning Virtual Reality Computer-Based Training

15. Web-based Training

16. Web-based Training Supports n virtual reality n animation n interaction n communication between trainees n real-time audio & video

17. Levels of internet-based training: Level 1 2 3 4 5 6 Communications Online Referencing Testing Assessment Distribution of Computer- Based Training & Multimedia Blended Learning Electronic Performance Support Systems

18. Characteristics of E- Learning Content Text Video Graphics Sound Collaboration and Sharing Communities of Practice Peers Other Trainees Experts Mentors and Advisors Learner Control Practice Pacing Feedback Content Accessibility Delivery Internet / Intranet Web Distance Learning CD - ROM Administration Enrollment Monitoring Progress Assessment Link to Resources Other Training Materials Other Web-Based Training Link to Electronic Performance Support Systems

19. Rules for Designing Effective Web-Based Training n Development n Instructional Effectiveness n Learner Control n Linkages n Sharing

20. Development n Purpose n Needs n Music graphics, icons, animation, and video facilitate and do not interfere with learning n Relevance n Tested n Content

21. Instructional Effectiveness n Feedback n Assessment n Abstract --> real n Obstacles n Variety

22. Learner Control n A navigator or content map is provided so trainees can move forward or backward through the program & easily access resources & links to other sites as needed n Trainee can compare answers, approaches, & responses to questions to those provided by others

23. Learner Control-2 n Trainees can begin the program where they want or a starting point can be based on an assessment of their knowledge, skills, or experiences related to the program

24. Linkages n Follow-up materials & additional resources (charts, tables, other web sites) are identified & easily accessible to trainees

25. Sharing n Opportunities exist for electronically interacting with & sharing with trainers, peers, other trainees, & experts e-maile-mail chat roomschat rooms bulletin boardsbulletin boards

26. Advantages of E-learning n supports strategy n accessible any time,place n unlimited audience n can be geographically dispersed n delivered faster, to more employees, in a shorter time period n easy updating n learning environment can be built in n enhanced learning n eliminate paperwork n link learners

27. Factors Limiting the Use of E-Learning n Cost n Lack of motivation of employees to learn online n Lack of management buy-in n Lack of employee intranet access n Lack of proof concerning return on investment n Lack of high-quality content

28. Intelligent Tutoring Systems n Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) - instructional systems using artificial intelligence n There are three types of ITS: tutoringtutoring coachingcoaching empowering environmentsempowering environments n Tutoring is a structured attempt to increase trainee understanding of a content domain

29. Components of intelligent tutoring systems: Domain Expert Provides information about how to perform the task Trainee Model Provides information about student’s knowledge Training Session Manager Interprets trainees’ actions and reports the results or provides coaching Trainee Scenario Generator Determines difficulty and order in which problems are presented to trainee User Interface Enables trainee to interact with the system

30. Characteristics of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS): n ITS has the ability to match instruction to individual student needs n ITS can communicate and respond to the student n ITS can model the trainee’s learning process n ITS can decide, on the basis of a trainee’s previous performance, what information to provide n ITS can make decisions about the trainee’s level of understanding n ITS can complete a self-assessment resulting in a modification of its teaching process n ITS has the ability to match instruction to individual student needs n ITS can communicate and respond to the student n ITS can model the trainee’s learning process n ITS can decide, on the basis of a trainee’s previous performance, what information to provide n ITS can make decisions about the trainee’s level of understanding n ITS can complete a self-assessment resulting in a modification of its teaching process

31. Distance Learning n Distance learning is used by geographically dispersed companies to provide information about new products, policies, procedures, and skills training and expert lectures to field locations n Two-way communication

32. Distance Learning n Audioconferencing n Videoconferencing n Docuconferencing sharing documents via computerssharing documents via computers n Individualized personal- computer-based training

33. Technologies for Training Support Expert Systems Groupware Electronic Performance Support Systems (EPSS)

34. Conditions When Training Support Technologies Are Most Needed: n task is infrequent n task is lengthy, difficult, and information intensive n damaging consequences of error n knowledge, procedures, or approaches frequently change n high employee turnover n little time, few resources for training n responsibility on employees

35. Training Support Technologies: Expert Systems n Expert systems - technology that organizes and applies the knowledge of human experts to specific problems Support tool Expert systems have three elements:  A knowledge base  A decision making capability  A user interface

36. Training Support Technologies: Groupware n Groupware (electronic meeting software) - a special type of software application that enables multiple users to track, share, and organize information, and to work on the same document simultaneously n Improve business processes & improve meeting effectiveness, identify & share knowledge n A groupware system combines such elements as: electronic mail, document managementelectronic mail, document management

37. Training Support Technologies: Electronic Performance Support Systems n An electronic performance support system (EPSS) is an electronic infrastructure that: captures, stores, and distributes individual and corporate knowledge assets throughout an organization, tocaptures, stores, and distributes individual and corporate knowledge assets throughout an organization, to enables individuals to achieve required levels of performance in the fastest possible time and with a minimum of support from other peopleenables individuals to achieve required levels of performance in the fastest possible time and with a minimum of support from other people

38. Technologies for Training Administration Interactive Voice Technology Imaging Training Software Applications

39. Use of new technology training methods should be considered under certain conditions: 1. Sufficient budget provided 2. Geography, travel costs 3. Trainees comfortable using technology  the web  personal computers  CD-ROMs  Technology strategy  Scheduling difficulties  Need more time for practice, feedback, assessment

40. What training methods will you be using in your training module? What are their strengths? Weaknesses?