1. Frank Lloyd Wright
- one of America’s most influential and prolific architects
- involved in both residential (mostly) and commercial architecture

2. The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum New York, New York. 1959.

5. Johnson Wax Building

7. Residential Architecture Key Terms
Prairie house
Usonian architecture
Organic architecture

8. The American 4-Square Traditional Victorian Style Home
also called the American box
entrance at front of home
four rooms per floor with a central staircase leading up to the second floor
Fireplaces in living room and on the second floor

10. Wright’s 4-Square Early Wright residential plan
- Revised American 4-square with side entrance
- Central fireplace and stairs compacted and located at side
- Increased natural lighting
from this basic blueprint, home could easily be modified

11. Willits Residence Highland Park, Illinois (1901)

13. Prairie Style
Viewing the Victorian home as too confining, developed Prairie style characterized by:
Low-pitched roof
Overhanging eaves
Horizontal lines
Central chimney
Open floor plan
clerestory windows

14. Robie Residence Chicago, Illinois (1908-09)

15. Robie House interior, living room looking toward fireplace and dining room

17. Usonian Architecture
Wright had catered to societal elite but wished to develop a more democratic architecture during depression era America (1936)
developed the Usonian home noted for its:
one story
no basement and no attic
open carport
concrete slab flooring
board and batten walls
built-in furniture
construction materials drawn from nature
little ornamentation
abundant natural views

18. -compact design
-bedrooms brought down to first floor
-removal of servants quarters and kitchen reduced to workspace
-large living room connected to small dining area

19. Zimmerman House
Front view of public façade with clerestory windows

20. Rear view of private façade banked with windows

21. Organic Architecture
Organic architecture involves a respect for the properties of the materials—you don’t twist steel into a flower—and a respect for the harmonious relationship between the form/design and the function of the building (for example, Wright rejected the idea of making a bank look like a Greek temple). Organic architecture is also an attempt to integrate the spaces into a coherent whole: a marriage between the site and the structure and a union between the context and the structure.

22. exhibited bold originality in his designs for both private and public structures and rebelled against the ornate Neo-Classical and Victorian styles favoured by conventional architects. Wright was opposed to the imposition of preconceived styles.
believed that the architectural form must ultimately be determined in each case by the particular function of the building, its environment, and the type of materials employed in the structure.

23. Kaufmann House (Falling Water) Bear Run, Pennsylvania. 1935.

26. American Castles: Frank Lloyd Wright
Describe the architectural innovations evident at FLW’s Oak Park House, Taliesin East (Wisconsin) and Taliesin West (Arizona).