1. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND Multinational Comparisons of Health Systems Data, 2008 Gerard F. Anderson, Ph.D., and Patricia Markovich Johns Hopkins University November 2008 Support for this research was provided by The Commonwealth Fund. The views presented here are those of the authors and not necessarily those of The Commonwealth Fund or its directors, officers, or staff.

2. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 2 International Comparison of Spending on Health, 1980–2006 Average spending on health per capita ($US PPP) Total expenditures on health as percent of GDP Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

3. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 3 Out-of-Pocket Health Care Spending per Capita, 2006 Adjusted for Differences in the Cost of Living *2005 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

4. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 4 Total Health Care Spending on Health Insurance and Administration per Capita, 2006 Adjusted for Differences in the Cost of Living Note: Total health care spending on health insurance administration includes insurer costs only. (Percent of total health expenditure) *2005 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

5. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 5 Percentage of Total Health Care Spending on Pharmaceuticals, 1996 and 2006 *1996–2005 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

6. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 6 Hospital Discharges per 1,000 Population, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

7. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 7 Average Length of Stay for Acute Care, 2006 *2005 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008). Days

8. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 8 Average Annual Number of Physician Visits per Capita, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

9. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 9 Coronary Bypass Procedures per 100,000 Population, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

10. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 10 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Units per Million Population, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

11. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 11 Percentage of Population over Age 65 with Influenza Immunization, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

12. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 12 Percentage of Adults Who Report Being Daily Smokers, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

13. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 13 Potential Years of Life Lost Due to Diabetes per 100,000 Population, 2006 *2005 **2004 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008).

14. THE COMMONWEALTH FUND 14 Life Expectancy at Birth, 2006 *2005 Data: OECD Health Data 2008 (June 2008). Years