1. Slide title In CAPITALS 50 pt Slide subtitle 32 pt Use of International Standards in multilateral trade Per Döfnäs Director, Technical Regulations Government Affairs & Regulations Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson Group Function Strategy & Product Management SE – 16483 Stockholm, SWEDEN

2. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-222 Countries adopt their own style of technical regulation In compliance with WTO Trade Policy Provisions included in the TBT Agreement –Avoidance of unnecessary TBTs –No more trade restrictive than necessary... –Regulatory objectives –National standards based on International standards –Conformity assessment (CA) –Labelling –Etc. Still room for deviations nationally, potentially constituting de-facto trade barriers

3. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-223 Obstacles in international trade Basic principle regarding regulatory technical and requirements in plurilateral agreement –Technical and administrative requirements should not be more onerous than the existing requirements of the participating countries Regulation Standards CA Country A Regulation Standards CA Country BCountry C Regulation Standards CA Maximum requirements

4. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-224 Obstacles in international trade cont Codification of countries regulatory technical and administrative requirements may prove difficult and result in overly complicated procedures A common set of Regulatory Objectives based on Good Regulatory Practices would simplify the task of establishing a plurilateral agreement

5. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-225 UNECE International Model The UNECE International Model 1 suggests practical implementation of technical harmonisation, and –Is based on Good Regulatory Practice (cf. WTO TBT) –Provides a mechanism for linking harmonised technical regulation and international standards –Describes common procedures for conformity assessment –Privides for free movement of goods among partcipating countries 1 UNECE Recommendation L: An International Model for Technical Harmonisation based on Good Regulatory Practice for the preparation, adoption and application of technical regulations via the use of international standards available at http://www.unece.org/trade/ctied/wp6/major_doc.htmhttp://www.unece.org/trade/ctied/wp6/major_doc.htm

6. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-226 UNECE International Model cont Interested countries agree on Common Regulatory Objectives –Products to be covered –Legitimate regulatory objectives –Applicable international standards –Conformity assessment procedures –Market surveillance, with protection clause enbling withdrawal of non-compliant products –Free movement Advantages with the model –Sectoral arrangements are open for all UN Member States –Regional arrangements on sectoral level; additional countries can join in

7. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-227 UNECE International Model cont Current sectoral initiatives –Telecom Initiative (http://www.unece.org/trade/ctied/wp6/sectoral/telecom/tele _bkgrd.htm)http://www.unece.org/trade/ctied/wp6/sectoral/telecom/tele _bkgrd.htm –Earth-moving machinery (http://www.unece.org/trade/ctied/wp6/sectoral/earth- moving/earth_bkgrd.htm)http://www.unece.org/trade/ctied/wp6/sectoral/earth- moving/earth_bkgrd.htm Regional Projects

8. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt © Ericsson AB 2006Use of International Standards in multilateral trade2006-09-228