1. SUPERVISOR: A.M.PAPADOPOULOS SCHOOL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Tzouliana Kraia MSc in Energy Systems – October 2011 Renovation Vs New Construction ‘’ An Integrated Comparison’’

2. Presentation Outline  Green Construction  Use of energy Sustainability in the built environment  Renovation Vs New Construction  Important Interventions  Renovation /Reconstruction  Demolition  Listed Buildings: “A special case of buildings’’  Energy and Listed Buildings  Study building  Building Characteristics  Interesting architectural elements  Major interventions can be done  Results

3. Green Construction By Using:  New systems  Technologies  Materials  Renewable energy sources High energy efficiency and effective environmental protection This effort concerns the whole society, because there are significant benefits in every level, throughout the building’s life cycle and for all stakeholders

4. Use of Energy Sustainability in the Built Environment It is worth mentioning that in Europe:  The energy consumption in buildings represents approximately 41% of energy produced  Approximately 45% of global CO 2 emissions come from buildings  CO 2 affects at the creation of the ‘’greenhouse effect’’ and global climate change

5. Use of Energy Sustainability in the Built Environment  Building and construction sector is strongly related to economy, community, health and environment This is the reason why major worldwide investments are related to buildings / constructions

6. Renovation Vs New Construction In order to study a building it is important to consider the extent of an intervention Interventions categories: 1. Cleaning 2. Maintenance 3. Repair 4. Restoration 5. Renovation 6. Reconstruction

7. Important Interventions  Renovation: Renovation combines the features of simple maintenance and repair. However, it has to renew the building - or part of the renovated  Reconstruction: When we use new materials in a new application without changing its original form, then we have reconstruction  New construction: Refers to site preparation and construction of entirely new structures and significant extensions to existing structures whether the site was previously occupied  Demolition: Is the act of deliberately destroying it, often in order to build something else in its place

8. Renovation /Reconstruction  Rapid rise in the reconstruction of old houses reported in the last months where the real estate crisis has been extended enormously  The greatest demand are the houses of 30 years and over, due to their extremely cheap price  The cost of the reconstruction may be up to 100% of the house’s value.  An ageing house, in its current situation, loses its value rapidly For each decade that passes, a building loses 12% of its value  So, a house in order to be sold at a half price than a new one should be no more than 40 years old

9. Demolition Demolition Methods Demolition Deconstruction Most commonly used method. In populated areas is usually, the method of top-down demolition The reverse procedure fron construction. The purpose is to restore building materials (reuse/create new). Begins from inside to outside, top to bottom. Waste from excavation, construction and demolition is any material or object resulting from these processes Generated during processes such as construction/demolition of buildings at the end of their useful life, renovation or aesthetic and functional upgrades, as well as disasters caused by extreme weather events

10. Listed Buildings: ‘’A special case of buildings’’ Building complexes, individual buildings, parts of buildings, as well as elements of the environment of these can be classified as listed due to their special historical, artistic, scientific, planning, architecture, folklore, social and aesthetic value ​​ and their character Specifically  A building dating before 1830, is an ancient monument and falls within the responsibility of Ministry of Culture and the Status of Law 3028/2002  A building dating after 1830, is under the responsibility of Ministry of Culture and of the Ministry of Environment, protected by the provisions of the General Building Rules (Law 1577/1985, as amended by Law 2831/2000) and can be declared as a listed

11. Energy and Listed Buildings  Listed buildings are often excluded from technological and sustainable development, due to strict/complex laws and planning frameworks Characteristics of listed buildingsEnergy Characteristics Large internal heights/increased volumes Effective cooling behavior. Possibly increased demand for heating Increased thermal mass and thickness of walls without insulation Large thermal storage capacity Controlled power and limited openingsControl of indoor temperatures, envelope quality Windows and openings recessedControl of solar gains and natural lighting External overhangs, planting, patioShading of the construction, better sun protection

12. Energy and Listed Buildings ENVELOPE IMPROVEMENTS INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IMPROVEMENTS IN H/M SYSTEMS INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS Replacement/repair/ improvement of windows Reflective panels behind radiators Modernization of lightingSolar panels for domestic hot water Insulation of ceilings and floors, internal walls 'Heavy' curtains to reduce heat loss Geothermal heat pumps for heating / cooling Photovoltaic’s integrated into roofs and sloping surfaces Reuse skylights Installing ceiling fansUpgrading heating / cooling system Utilization of biomass ……AND CHANGES IN USER’S BEHAVIOR

13. Study Building  Located in the most central area of Thessaloniki  Characterized as listed: Gaz.128/B/23/3/1983  It’s a representative sample of eclectism with interesting architectural elements The intervention regards: 1.Reconstruction/enhancement 2.Configuration / renovation Built:1900-1906 Saved from: Fire 1917, Earthquake 1978 Owner: Jewish Community of Thessaloniki, 1937

14. Building Characteristics  The access to the building studied is from Venizelou Street  The building has two floors  The connection of the basement to the ground floor done through staircase  The appearance at Saint Minas street and the entrance to the main staircase kept in moderately poor condition, since the first intervention,1997

15. Interesting Architectural Elements

16. Major Interventions Can Be Done  Demolition of all additions, toilets and hygienic facilities, air conditioning equipment, piping network, utilities  Demolition of loose coatings and carved decoration  Repair and restore of the original form of the building in Saint Minas Street  Repair and configuration of ground floor, staircase, mezzanine and 1 st floor.  Checking and repairing of the roof  Installing of new internal network facilities  Installing of air conditioning system  Restoration of the facade

17. Results Previous use (Hondos)Current use (Plaisio) No insulationInsulation (stone wool)75-100kg/m 3 Wooden frames/single glazed window (mezzanine & 1 st floor) Wooden frames /double glazed window (mezzanine & 1 st floor) Aluminum frames /single glazed window (ground floor) Aluminum frames /double glazed window (ground floor) Granite tiles (basement- ground floor)Specific carpet, which Plaisio uses in its shops. Parquet (mezzanine & 1 st floor)Specific carpet, which Plaisio uses in its shops 13 Fan coilsRoof Fan coil (water chiller)

18. Results  Purpose of engineers was the completion of the reconstruction of the building until late December 2011  Not possible due to problems(part of the load bearing structure need reinforcement ) have arisen during the demolition process and the start of the process of reconstruction that caused new interventions 1. A lifting of concrete wall on the north side of the building for structural strengthening and security (due to the connection with Jewish museum) 2. A lifting of iron construction on the southwest side of the building for buildings equilibrium 3. Investing all of walls with a “cloak ’’ (iron construction and concrete)

19. Results Assumed 2 scenarios : 1. Demolition and New Construction 2. Deconstruction and Renovation 1 st Scenario2 nd Scenario Demolition (5o% machinery & 50% manually) 100.000-110.000 €Deconstruction (100% manually) 20.000-23.000 € New Construction1.368.000 – 1.881.000 €Renovation1.000.000 € Total Cost:1.729.000 €Total Cost:1.021.500 € Generate:50 tones of CO 2 Generate:15 tones of CO 2