1. ©2002The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Skills, 3E John Langan Extending the Skills: Verbs Chapters 23-25

2. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Additional Information about Verbs Here are the three areas we’ll discuss in this section: Compound Subjects and Verbs Tense, Voice and Verbals Subject-Verb Agreement

3. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) A sentence may have more than one verb. swamattacked –The shark swam and attacked. A sentence may have more than one subject. –Dolphins whales –Dolphins and whales have some protection from sharks. Compound Subjects and Verbs

4. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verb Tense...... tells you the time of the action. Let’s start with the simple present, past, and future.

5. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verb Tense But, we can also be a little more specific about time using these other tenses: Perfect Tense (Add a form of the verb “have”) Progressive Tense (Add a form of the verb “be”) Perfect Progressive Tense (Add both the verbs “have” and “be.”)

6. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verb Voice Verb voice refers to the active or passive form of a verb. ACTIVE VOICE: Action of the verb is done by the subject. –EX: The dog ate all my dinner! (The dog performed the action.) PASSIVE VOICE: Action of the verb is done to the subject. –EX: The dog was put on its leash by Aunt Rose. (The action was done to the dog, by Aunt Rose.)

7. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verbals Verbals are words formed from verbs. There are three kinds: Infinitives Participles Gerunds

8. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verbals An is formed by adding the word “to” to the base form of the verb. So, what is the infinitive of the verb “steal”? Example: Jesse James loved to steal money from bankers. “to” + “steal” = “to steal”

9. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verbals A is a verb form used as an adjective. The present participle ends in -ing. The past participle ends in -ed or is irregular. Example: Looking over her tax returns, the weeping accountant tugged her bleached hair.

10. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Verbals A is the -ing form of a verb used as a noun. Example: Bowling is not a sport, because you can smoke while you’re doing it. Let’s make a gerund out of the verb “bowl.” “Bowl” + “ing” = “Bowling”

11. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) When compound subjects are joined by words such as or, nor or either… or, the verb agrees with the closer subject is –Either the twins or Joey is knocking on our door. looks –I can’t decide if my pants or my hat looks better. Subject-Verb Agreement with Compounds

12. ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Brushup, 3E Extending the Skills: Verbs (23-25) Indefinite pronounsIndefinite pronouns (each, everyone, somebody, etc.) refer to indefinite persons or things and usually require a singular verb. Each of the volunteers tutors for at least three hours every week.Each of the volunteers tutors for at least three hours every week. All someAll and some require either a singular or plural verb, depending on the words that follow them. Some of the people are still waiting.Some of the people are still waiting. Some of the cake is on the table.Some of the cake is on the table. Subject-Verb Agreement