1. Implanting a Computer Control System in Accelerators Oded Heber Department of Particle Physics Weizmann Institute of Science 76100, Rehovot ISRAEL May 30, 2006 Bucharest, ROMANIA

2. OUTLINE General Introduction to Weizmann Institute Introduction to Accelerators Computer Control Systems Upgrading and new system concepts 1.New System (in new accelerator) 2.Upgrading an existing system 3.Installing new system in an old accelerator The WI Pelletron system and other labs. Summary

4. Weizmann – Facts and Figures Established on 1934 2500 people 250 research groups 1000 MSc, PhD students and postdocs 850 scientific support staff 80 buildings on 1.2 sq. km. Budget (2005): about $185 Million/year (32% by the government).

6. Nature 430, 311-316 (15 July 2004) 25% of the country Science is done at WI

7. Yeda – WI technology transfer company Yeda became a world leader in Technology Transfer Tens of products from Weizmann on the market. Total annual royalty-generating sales in 2004: $6,000,000,000. Over 40 new companies where established around Yeda’s technologies (some already public), 18 in the last 5 years.

8. What is a computer control system for accelerator ? The ability to control and maintain a full process using computers: Industrial - manufacture floor, fab Civil, Public – traffic control, electricity Scientific oriented facility – accelerators, nuclear reactor

9. Definition: SCADA Acronym for supervisory control and data acquisition, a computer system for gathering and analyzing real time data Sensors – I/O points PLC and I/O cards server clients Field bus Control bus Communication bus hardware

10. SCADA Software Control of many (10 3 -10 5 ) I/O points Continues communication with many busses (RS485, GPIB, Ethernet, modbus…) and PLCs (usually OPC server). Data logging – data bases Security Process control (PID) Alarms Graphical interface Flexibility Connectivity to nonstandard and scientific instruments

11. What is special in SCADA for accelerators (for basic science) ? Research facility – flexible Many nonstandard and prototype equipments Timing - synchronization (bunching, coincidence) Physicist proof system

12. Computer Control Accelerator Hardware (Software) Trends Home made instruments Off the shelf instruments Home made controller CAMAC - VME Industrial PLC “large” computers PDP, IBM Mini computers VAX Personal computers Fortran, Assembler EPICS Industrial scada

13. Example Case 1: a system for new accelerator SARAF 40 MeV super conductor LINAC at Soreq NRC ISRAEL Accelerator purchased from Accel GmbH, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany

14. SARAF Main Control System (MCS) – General Architecture User ClientsSoreq ClientsDevelopment Clients Client Network Ethernet Radiation Safety System (RSS) S7-F Cryogenics S7 Building and General Safety S7 Applications FP, VME Server for: Backup, Data Logging Beam Lines S7, FP Operator Clients I/O Network Ethernet Servers located in Server Room Clients located in MCR and throughout facility and Soreq Servers for: Accelerator, Beam Lines, RSS, Cryogenics, Building, Applications Accelerator S7, FP, PXI Servers and Client computers running LabVIEW + DSC + OPC

15. Main Control System (MCS) Choose Commercial Software –Established companies –Widely used software in control applications –No need to write custom drivers Choose Commercial Hardware –Hardware incorporating OPC standard –Companies that produce both hardware and software Minimize types of Hardware and Software –Optimize with sub-contractor constrains –Settle for several types if inter-communication possible Realization Guidelines (1)

16. Choose Server-Client architecture Improves reliability May provide redundancy Consider backup server with a smooth automatic transition in case of main server crash Client crash should not affect server or other clients Computers and Hardware on one network Use Fiber Optics in EM-noisy environments Main Control System (MCS) Realization Guidelines (2)

17. SoftwareSoftware - LabVIEW with DSC module and OPC server LabVIEW is flexible and scientific oriented Client licenses are not so expensive and do not depend on number of I/O channels HardwareHardware – FieldPoint, PXI from NI and S7, S7-F from Siemens All types are chosen due to sub-contractor constraints All types are OPC compatible S7-F compatible with international safety standards Network and BusesNetwork and Buses – Ethernet Realization Decisions Main Control System (MCS)

18. A Possible LabVIEW DSC Main Screen Main selection Functional panel Main panel Alarm panel Sub selection

19. Case 2: Upgrading existing CC system Change I/O points ? Change PLCs ? (CAMAC to Industrial) Change software or upgrading (experience) Change computers ?(VAX to PC) Change OS ? (VMS, Unix to Linux, Windows) Money? Shutdown time?

20. Case 3 : Installing a system for the first time Example: 14UD Pelletron ( and VDG) Goal: All the controls and indicators should be integrated in the CC system. Changing accelerator parameters (different masses different energies) in a minute time scale with high stability (AMS requirements).

21. constrains Money Manpower Continue normal operation + maintenance Controls in high voltages high pressure environment (14 MV terminal, 120kV source, SF 6 gas).

22. solution Bottom up philosophy - first select the I/O point R/W solution. Connect first the points that are already at the old control room, afterwards the “easy points” and the most important ones. Select Hardware that are most common used in electrostatic accelerators and easy to expand.

24. Group3 Control Features Fiber Optics - high voltage isolation – noise immunity. Small Size - easy mounting - keep wiring short to minimize noise pickup. High Resolution - 16 bit analogs High Update Rate - scan rates of up to 32,000 channels per second High channel Density - several thousand channels per computer slot Diagnostic Port - on device interfaces for system development and debugging.

27. 5 loops 1000 I/O GPIB, RS232 DAQ 1 loop 100 I/O 1 loop 200 I/O RS232 DAQ 19 PLC’s RS485

28. Software and OS LabVIEW by NI (start at version 3.1) Computer PC + windows (start with WIN 3.11 on one 486 machine) Few Upgrades to LabVIEW DSC (7.0 and 8.0 – full SCADA) 15 P-IV computers in server client architecture.

32. Laser room Ion sources Source control Linear trap Bent trap control room

33. SUMMARY Computer control system is a crucial part for any accelerator. SCADA selection depends on many constraints such as money, manpower, laboratory expertise and third party constructors. The trend is to use industrial hardware, PC computers and commercial SCADA software.