1. SimpleScalar Tool Set, Version 2 CSE 323 Department of Computer Engineering

2. A Computer Architecture Simulator What is an architectural simulator? Tool that reproduces the behavior of a computing device What is SimpleScalar? A simulator that performs fast, flexible and accurate simulation of modern processors that implement the SimpleScalar Architecture. What is a SimpleScalar Architecture? A close derivative of the MIPS architecture.

3. Simulation How does the simulation? Takes binaries compiled for the SimpleScalar architecture and simulates their execution on processor simulator.

4. Simulation Suite Overview

5. Binaries? How to create binaries for the architecture? The simulator provides sets of precompiled binaries. Also provides a modified version of GCC that allows you to compile your own binaries.

6. SimpleScalar Overview Results Simulator source Host C compiler

7. How to make a binary for SimpleScalar You will be working on TUX machine (IP:10.2.7.254) with your accounts and passwords. SimpleScalar is located in /usr/local/ Copy the makefile into your own directory. cp /usr/local/simplescalar/simplesim-2.0/tests/src/Makefile./ Add the necessary information about your c file into the make file in order to compile it. vi Makefile myprog1:myprog1.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o myprog1 myprog1.c

8. How to make a binary for SimpleScalar Compile your c code make myprog1 Run the simulator /usr/local/simplescalar/simplesim-2.0/sim-cache myprog1

9. Global Simulator Options (cont.) Supported on all simulators -h - print simulator help message -d - enable debug message -i - start up in DLite! debugger -q - quit immediately -config - read config parameters from -dumpconfig - save config parameters into

10. Cache Simulation Options -cache:dl1 l1 data cache -cache:dl2 l2 data cache -cache:il1 l1 inst cache -cache:il2 l2 inst cache -tlb:itlb instruction TLB -tlb:dtlb data TLB

11. sim-cache

12. sim-cache …(cont.) The cache size is therefore the product of,,,. il1:256:32:1:1(8KB)

13. sim-cache …(cont.)

14. Example myprog1.c #define N 1024 main() { int i,j,x[N][N]; for(i=0;i<N;i++) for(j=0;j<N;j++) x[i][j]=2*x[i][j]; }

15. Example (cont’d) adding below ones into the Makefile myprog1:myprog1.c $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o myprog1 myprog1.c Compile myprog1.c make myprog1 Run the simulator with sim-cache defaults /usr/local/simplescalar/simplesim-2.0/sim-cache myprog1

16. Example (cont’d) Collect the output il1.misses 381 # total number of misses il1.miss_rate 0.0001 # miss rate (i.e., misses/ref) dl1.misses 131512 # total number of misses dl1.miss_rate 0.0626 # miss rate (i.e., misses/ref) ul2.misses 65933 # total number of misses ul2.miss_rate 0.2506 # miss rate (i.e., misses/ref)

17. Example (cont’d) Run the binary for the following cache system unified cache with 256 sets x 32 bytes per block /usr/local/simplescalar/simplesim-2.0/sim-cache - cache:il1 dl1 -cache:dl1 ul1:256:32:1:l -cache:dl2 none -cache:il2 none myprog1 Collect the results Comment on the results

18. More Information http://www.simplescalar.com