1. Warm-Water Fish Farming
Authors: Ing. Jindřich Petr, JUDr. Bohuslav Petr
Subject: Fisheries

2. Content Warm-water fish Warm-water fish species Pond fish farm
Farming process in pond fish farm
Integrated agriculture and fish production
Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS)
Future trends

3. Warm-water fish Warm-water fish – above 26°C - less oxygen
- faster growth – shorter life
- harder to keep
Cold-water fish
– below 20°C
- more oxygen
- slower growth – longer life
- easier to keep

4. Pic. 1. Tilapia
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5. Warm-water fish species
European catfish – Silurus glanis
European eel – Anquilla anquilla
Zander – Sander luciopera
Perch - Perca fluviatilis
Carp – Cyprinus carpio
African sharptooth catfish - Clarias gariepinus
Tilapia – Oreochromis niloticus

6. Pic. 2. Catfish in India
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7. Pond fish farms 3 types of ponds: Fry nursing ponds – ichtyoplankton
- optimum size 0,5 – 1 ha
Fingerling ponds – juvenile fish
- optimum size 4 – 8 ha
Food – fish ponds – optimum size 10 – 20 ha % of total pond area
Minimum depth – 1 m
Smaller ponds = higher yields

8. Pic. 3. Warm-water fish hatchery – larval rearing pond
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9. Pic. 4. Industrial aquaculture system
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10. Farming process in pond fish farms
3 aspects:
Fish stocking - density
- monoculture / polyculture
Fertilization – important N:P ratio
Feeding – natural food production / feeding
WELFARE – stress, diseases, water quality, food quality, environmental factors, transport

11. Integrated agriculture and fish production
Crops and fish production – rice, mulberry, sugar-cane, mushrooms etc.
Livestock and fish production – pigs, ducks

12. Pic. 5. Fish-rice ecosystem in China
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13. Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS)
Higher production – artificial tanks
Lower demand on water – recirculation
Lower demand on space
Lower effluents and pollution – biofilters and water treatment
Lower diseases

14. Pic. 6. RAS concept
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15. Future trends Horizontal RAS – airlifts / pumps
Denitrification, biogas and water cleaning
Aquaponics – marcophytes, microphytes
Pic. 7. Aquaponics system
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16. Thank you for your attention!

17. List of used literature
Amlacher, E. Textbook of fish diseases. New Jersey, TFH Publications Inc., pp.
Herwig, N. Handbook of drugs and chemicals used in the treatment of fish diseases. Charles C. Thomas Publisher, pp.
Horváth, L., Tamás, G. a A. G. Coche. Common Carp 2: Mass production of advanced fry and fingerlings in ponds. FAO Training Seires, vol. 9, 85 pp.
Mareš, J. a Lang, Š. (eds.). Zkušenosti s chovem ryb v recirkulačním systému dánského typu. Sborník příspěvků. Mendelova univerzita v Brně, s. ISBN
New, M.B. Feed and feeding of fish and shrimp: A manual on the preparation and presentation of compound feeds for shrimp and fish in aquaculture. FAO, pp.
Pickering, A.D. (ed.). Stress and fish. London, Academic Press, pp.
Woynarovich, E. a Horváth, L. The artificial propagation of warmwater finfishes. A manual for extension. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper, vol. 201, 183 pp. ISBN