1. Germination
Sprouting of Seed (usually requires a little light – don’t burry too deep)
Soften seed coat w/ water, digestive acids or fire
Breakdown endosperm to supply sugars for cell respiration – requires oxygen
Growth of new shoot & root

2. Photosynthesis Light Dependent Reaction Light Independent Reaction
Photon energy used to produce?
Photon energy used to split ? Into ?
Light Independent Reaction
ATP energy combines the H+ with ? To form glucose

3. Pollination: Self vs Cross

4. Flower anatomy: essential vs nonessential
pistil

5. Double Fertilization Pollen: 2 sperm Sperm + egg =
Sperm + polar bodies =

6. Seed & Fruit formation

7. Ruby grapefruit, a fleshy fruit with a hard outer layer and soft
inner layer of pericarp
Tomato, a fleshy fruit with soft
outer and inner layers of pericarp
Nectarine, a fleshy
fruit with a soft outer
layer and hard inner
layer (pit) of pericarp
Milkweed, a dry fruit that splits
open at maturity
Walnut, a dry fruit that remains
closed at maturity

8. Dandelion seeds dispersed by wind
LE 30-9
Wings enable maple
fruits to be easily
carried by the wind.
Seeds within berries and other edible fruits are often dispersed in animal feces.
Dandelion seeds dispersed by wind
The barbs of cockleburs facilitate seed dispersal by allowing these fruits to hitchhike on animals.

9. Roots
Fibrous
Tap

10. Root Function
Root hairs
Anchor, absorb nutrients/water, store food

11. Stem Function

12. Xylem & Phloem

13. Tree Age

14. Girdled Trees

15. Leaf Function

16. Leaf functions
Capture photon energy & convert to ATP using chlorophyll
Gas exchange using stomata
Photosynthesis
Transpiration

17. Transpiration: evaporation of water through stomata, cools plant
Transpiration: evaporation of water through stomata, cools plant. W/O loss of water at leaf no water would be absorbed at root (due to capillary action)

18. Leaf Abscission
                            
Decrease in daylight decreases chlorophyll production. Cell death occurs. Prevents:

19. Carnivorous leaves

20. Vegetative Propagation
tubers
runners
bulbs
cuttings
grafting

21. Phototropism: Growth toward light
Growth hormone auxin moves to shady side of plant, increase growth on shady side

22. Geotropism Growth toward gravity

23. Moving from Water to Land
Problems
Adaptations

24. Obtaining water - roots
Obtaining gases - stomata
Preventing water loss - cuticle

25. Support: vascular tissue – xylem phloem
Reproduction sperm to egg?

26. Bryophytes Sporophyte Polytrichum commune, hairy cap moss Sporophyte
LE 29-9d
Polytrichum
commune,
hairy cap
moss
Bryophytes
Sporophyte
Sporophyte
Gametophyte

27. Seedless Vascular
Ferns & Horsetails

28. Gymnosperms

29. Angiosperms: Flowering plants

30. Monocots and Dicots