1. Chapter 4, Section 1 Environmental Problems
Vocab:
Pollution
Renewable Resource
Nonrenewable Resource
Overpopulation
Biodiversity

2. Pollution Is an unwanted change in the environment
Caused by substances such as wastes, forms of energy( ex. Radiation)
Anything that causes pollution is called a pollutant

3. Pollution Can be natural or human-made
Natural events – volcanic eruptions
Human-made – pesticides, vehicle emissions, hairspray
Types of pollution – garbage, chemicals, High-powered wastes, gases, and noise

4. Garbage Average American throws away 12kg of trash a week
Hazardous waste – includes waste that can catch fire, corrode, or eat through metal, explode, or cause illness
Many paper mills and oil fineries produce hazardous wastes.

5. Chemicals Some good and some bad
Some can help people, but harm environment
Fertilizers and pesticides pollute soil and water
CFCs and PCBs – destroy ozone
CFCs – found in aerosols, refrigerators, and plastics
PCBs – poisonous and cause cancer

6. High-Powered Wastes Nuclear power – provide electricity
Also produce radioactive wastes
Give off radiation
Some take over 1000 years to become harmless

7. Gases Atmosphere is mixture of gases Includes CO2
Nick
Atmosphere is mixture of gases
Includes CO2
Since Industrial revolution, CO2 has increased
These pollutants act like a greenhouse
Traps heat around the Earth
Global Warming

8. Noise Pollutants that affect the senses Example, Ladayja and Sanam
Too much noise is not just annoying but affects your ability to hear and think clearly
Can damage hearing ability.

9. Resource Depletion
Renewable resource – can be replaced at same rate it is used.
Solar energy and wind energy
Nonrenewable resource – cannot be replaced over thousands or millions of years
Fossil fuels (oil and coal)
Water?

10. Exotic Species
An organism that makes a home for itself in a new place outside its native home
Become pests and compete with native species

11. Human Population Growth
I think you have done enough with this, unless you want to do Population Explosion again?
Thank you penicillin
Overpopulation – number of individuals becomes so large that the individuals can’t get the resources they need to survive
Will human population reach carrying capacity?

12. Habitat Destruction
Clearing land for construction, crops, mines, or lumber can cause soil erosion
Chemicals can pollute streams and rivers
Habitat – organisms home, where it lives
Biodiversity – numbers and variety of organisms
Habitat destruction destroys biodiversity

13. Deforestation Trees provide oxygen, lumber, food, rubber, and paper
Deforestation is the clearing of forest lands
Tropical rainforests (huge biodiversity ) cannot regrow
Soils too thin and are usually damaged

14. Marine Habitats Point-source pollution – such as oil spills
It is a one source pollution
Nonpoint-source pollution – many different sources
Happens when chemicals are washed into rivers, lakes, and oceans
Trash – mistaken for food or become trapped

15. Effects on Humans
Polluted air affects people with respiratory problems
Polluted water causing sickness
Cause cancer over time
Overuse of natural resources

16. Chapter 4, Section2 Environmental Solutions
Vocab:
Conservation
Recycling

17. Conservation Preservation and wise use of natural resources
Three ways to conserve: Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle
Examples: carpooling, organic compost

18. Reducing Waste and Pollution
1/3 of waste produced is packaging material
Biodegradable – can be broken down by living organisms (bacteria)
Organic farming – no pesticides
Mulch, compost, manure, natural pest control

19. Reducing the Use of Non renewable Resources
Things to replace fossil fuels
Solar energy, wind, tides, falling water
Electric and hydrogen fueled cars

20. Reuse
Plastic bags
Bricks
Wood
Tiles
Tires

21. Reusing Water 100 billion liters of water used each day
Most goes down drain
Reclaiming water uses organisms to clean the water
Plants and filter feeding animals
Not always potable, but is used to water crops, lawns, and golf courses

22. Recycle Recovery of materials from waste
Can be reused to make same kind of products, paper for example
Resource recovery - using garbage to make electricity

23. Maintaining Biodiversity
Each species has a unique role in an ecosystem
Losing one species could disrupt entire ecosystem
Look what happened to Kaibab deer when predators were removed
Protecting Endangered Species
Protecing Habitats

24. Environmental Strategies
Reduce Pollution
Reduce Pesticide use
Protect habitats
Learn about local issues
Develop alternative energy sources