1. Stephen E. Lucas C H A P T E R McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Using Visual Aids 13

2. Slide 2 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Advantages of Visual Aids Clarity Interest Retention Credibility Persuasiveness Clarity Interest Retention Credibility Persuasiveness

3. Slide 3 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Kinds of Visual Aids Objects Models Photographs Drawings Graphs Objects Models Photographs Drawings Graphs

4. Slide 4 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Charts Video Transparencies Multimedia presentations The speaker Charts Video Transparencies Multimedia presentations The speaker Kinds of Visual Aids

5. Slide 5 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Models Objects, usually built to scale, that represent other objects in detail.

6. Slide 6 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Kinds of Models Full-scale model Small-scale model of a large object Large-scale model of a small object Full-scale model Small-scale model of a large object Large-scale model of a small object

7. Slide 7 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Photographs Must be large enough to be seen easily by all listeners Convert photographs to transparencies and show them with an overhead projector Show photographs with PowerPoint or another multimedia program Must be large enough to be seen easily by all listeners Convert photographs to transparencies and show them with an overhead projector Show photographs with PowerPoint or another multimedia program

8. Slide 8 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Drawings Can be a useful alternative to photographs Must be large enough to be seen easily by all listeners Can be a useful alternative to photographs Must be large enough to be seen easily by all listeners

9. Slide 9 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

10. Slide 10 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

11. Slide 11 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

12. Slide 12 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Graphs Visual aids used to show statistical trends and patterns.

13. Slide 13 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Line Graph A graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space.

14. Slide 14 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

15. Slide 15 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Pie Graph A graph that highlights segments of a circle to show simple distribution patterns.

16. Slide 16 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

17. Slide 17 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Bar Graph A graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to show comparisons among two or more items.

18. Slide 18 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

19. Slide 19 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Chart A visual aid that summarizes a large block of information, usually in list form.

20. Slide 20 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.

21. Slide 21 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Transparencies Visual aids drawn, written, or printed on sheets of clear acetate and shown with an overhead projector.

22. Slide 22 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Video Use video only when it is essential to communicate your message Edit video so it is smoothly integrated into your speech Make sure you can run the video equipment properly Use video only when it is essential to communicate your message Edit video so it is smoothly integrated into your speech Make sure you can run the video equipment properly

23. Slide 23 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Multimedia Presentation A speech that combines several kinds of visual and/or audio aids in the same talk.

24. Slide 24 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. The Speaker as a Visual Aid The speaker’s body can be used as a visual aid when demonstrating a procedure Doing a demonstration requires special practice to coordinate the speaker’s words and actions The speaker’s body can be used as a visual aid when demonstrating a procedure Doing a demonstration requires special practice to coordinate the speaker’s words and actions

25. Slide 25 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Guidelines for Preparing Visual Aids Prepare visual aids in advance Keep visual aids simple Make sure visual aids are large enough Use fonts that are easy to read Use a limited number of fonts Use color effectively Prepare visual aids in advance Keep visual aids simple Make sure visual aids are large enough Use fonts that are easy to read Use a limited number of fonts Use color effectively

26. Slide 26 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids Avoid using the chalkboard for visual aids Display visual aids where listeners can see them Avoid passing visual aids among the audience Avoid using the chalkboard for visual aids Display visual aids where listeners can see them Avoid passing visual aids among the audience

27. Slide 27 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved. Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids Display visual aids only while discussing them Talk to the audience, not to your visual aid Explain visual aids clearly and concisely Practice with your visual aids Display visual aids only while discussing them Talk to the audience, not to your visual aid Explain visual aids clearly and concisely Practice with your visual aids

28. Slide 28 McGraw-Hill © 2007 Stephen E. Lucas. All rights reserved.