1. Chapter 13 Section 2

2. Johann Gutenberg
1455, in Mainz, Germany, printed the first complete edition of the Bible using a printing press with movable type
Transformed Europe

3. A Revolution in Printing
Before the printing press:
A few thousand books throughout Europe
All books were hand written
Books were expensive
After the printing press:
By 1500, 20 million books had been printed
Books were cheaper
Books were readily available
More people learned to read
New Knowledge

4. The Renaissance moves North
Began in the region of Flanders(France, Belgium, Netherlands)
Flanders was a thriving center of trade for Northern Europe
From Flanders, the Renaissance spread to Spain, France, Germany, and England

5. Jan van Eyck One of the most important Flemish painters
Used rich, realistic detail in his works
Portrait of Giovanni
Arnolfini and His Wife

6. Flemish Painters
Pieter Bruegel- used vibrant colors to portray peasant scenes “Peasant Bruegel” Addressed religious and classical themes Peter Paul Rubens- blended Flemish painting and Italian painting techniques Scholar and humanist; wide knowledge base

7. “Leonardo of the North”
Albrecht Dürer- traveled to Italy to study Italian masters
Took these ideas and spread Renaissance techniques to Northern Europe
He applied his new knowledge of painting techniques to engraving
Engraving- etching a design on to a metal plate with acid

8. Dürer’s nature paintings
What other artist was interested in nature?

9. Dürer self-portrait

10. Vernacular
Renaissance writers still wrote in Latin, however, many writers began writing in the vernacular
Vernacular- everyday language of the people
How does the vernacular revolutionize reading and writing?

11. Desiderius Erasmus Important scholar of his time
Used his knowledge of classical language to produce a Greek edition of the Bible
Helped spread Renaissance humanism
Wanted the Bible translated into the vernacular so it was available to everyone, he wanted to be able to read the bible
Believed that people should show good will to one another.
Called for reforms of the church

12. Sir Thomas More Pressed for social reform Wrote Utopia
His book described an ideal society where men and women lived in peace and harmony
Utopian- any ideal society ( with the implication that such a society is ultimately impractical)

13. François Rabelais
Monk, physician, Greek scholar, author, French Humanist
Wrote Garantua and Pantagruel
About the adventures of 2 gentle giants
On the surface was a funny tale, but it also tackled serious subjects such as religion and education
Rabelais was deeply religious, but had doubts about the organized church

14. William Shakespeare English poet and playwright
His genius was in expressing universal themes in everyday, realistic settings
He is responsible for the creation of over new words
Wrote 37 plays that are still performed today

15. Shakespeare continued…

16. academe accused addiction advertising amazement
arouse assassination backing bandit bedroom
beached besmirch birthplace blanket bloodstained
barefaced blushing bet bump buzzer
caked cater champion circumstantial cold-blooded
compromise courtship countless critic dauntless
dawn deafening discontent dishearten drugged
dwindle epileptic equivocal elbow excitement
exposure eyeball fashionable fixture flawed
frugal generous gloomy gossip green-eyed worthless zany gnarled grovel
gust hint hobnob hurried impede
impartial invulnerable jaded label lackluster
laughable lonely lower luggage lustrous
madcap majestic marketable metamorphize mimic
monumental moonbeam mountaineer negotiate noiseless
obscene obsequiously ode olympian outbreak
panders pedant premeditated puking radiance
rant remorseless savagery scuffle secure
skim milk submerge summit swagger torture
tranquil undress unreal varied vaulting