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 What causes variation in a population?  Why is variation important for the species to be able to adapt?

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Presentation on theme: " What causes variation in a population?  Why is variation important for the species to be able to adapt?"— Presentation transcript:

1  What causes variation in a population?  Why is variation important for the species to be able to adapt?

2 Classification / Taxonomy Notes – 2/17/2011

3 Taxonomy  The science of naming/classifying living things

4 I. Taxonomists A. Aristotle (384-322 BC) i. Grouped Animals based on habitat a. Air b. Land c. Water ii. Grouped Plants based on structure a. Herbs b. Shrubs c. Trees

5 I. Taxonomists B. Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778 AD) i. Originated the modern system of taxonomy based on structure a. Binomial Nomenclature 1. two word Latin-naming system 2. Scientific Name b. Writing a Scientific Name 1. Genus species (underlined) 2. Genus species (italicized) c. Examples (Humans) 1. Homo sapiens 2. Homo sapiens

6 II. Latin So why did Linnaeus use Latin? A. Unchanging B. Root of many languages C. Understood by scientists worldwide

7 III. Levels of Classification Kingdom Phylum Phylum Class ClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies Do these levels go from general to specific, or specific to general?

8 IV. Modern Day Taxonomy A.Structure i. Homology (similar structure) ii. Phylogeny (Evolutionary Relationship) B.Cell Structure i. Mitosis – cell division ii. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

9 IV. Modern Day Taxonomy C.Embryology i. Similar developmental stages D.Biochemistry i. Protein Similarities ii. DNA (genetics)

10 IV. Modern Day Taxonomy E.Behavioral Differences i. Ex. Different Species of Crickets have different chirps F.Fossils

11 V. The 6 Kingdoms 1. Archaebacteria 2. Eubacteria 3. Protista 4. Fungi 5. Plantae 6. Animalia We will learn more about each Kingdom soon…

12

13 VI. Examples of Taxonomy GROUP NAME ORGANISM HUMANCHIMPANZEEHOUSE CATLIONHOUSEFLY KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordate ? ? CLASS ? Mammal Insect ORDER Primates Carnivora Diptera FAMILY HominidaePongidaeFelidae ? Muscidae GENUS HomoPanFelis Musca SPECIES sapienstroglodytesdomesticaleodomestica

14 VI. Examples of Taxonomy GROUP NAME ORGANISM HUMANCHIMPANZEEHOUSE CATLIONHOUSEFLY KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordate Arthropoda CLASS ? Mammal Insect ORDER Primates Carnivora Diptera FAMILY HominidaePongidaeFelidae ? Muscidae GENUS HomoPanFelis Musca SPECIES sapienstroglodytesdomesticaleodomestica

15 VI. Examples of Taxonomy GROUP NAME ORGANISM HUMANCHIMPANZEEHOUSE CATLIONHOUSEFLY KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordate Arthropoda CLASS Mammal Insect ORDER Primates Carnivora Diptera FAMILY HominidaePongidaeFelidae Muscidae GENUS HomoPanFelis Musca SPECIES sapienstroglodytesdomesticaleodomestica Scientific Name 1. 2.3.4.5.

16 Answer the questions on your notes GROUP NAME ORGANISM HUMANCHIMPANZEEHOUSE CATLIONHOUSEFLY KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordate Arthropoda CLASS Mammal Insect ORDER Primates Carnivora Diptera FAMILY HominidaePongidaeFelidae Muscidae GENUS HomoPanFelis Musca SPECIES sapienstroglodytesdomesticaleodomestica Scientific Name Homo sapiens Pan troglodytes Felis domesticaFelis leo Musca domestica

17 Even though its not snowing…

18 Dichotomous Key Dichotomous Key  Dichotomous Key = identification aid that uses sequential pairs of descriptive statements (Whoooooo) How about a way to identify species using statements!  Developed by taxonomists  Each statement has only TWO alternative responses  For each pair of statements, the person identifying the organism chooses the statement that describes the organism  The chosen statement either identifies the organism or directs you to another statement  By working through the statements in the key IN ORDER the person can identify the organism

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