1. HTS Wires for Energy and Magnet Technologies Superconductivity and the electricity supply industries November 27th, 2003

2. 2 TRITHOR HTS WIRE FACILITY IN RHEINBACH Production Area3300 m² Annual capacity300 km Scalable capacityup to 20,000 km Team 25 employees Production start2002

3. 3 Production Process of HTS Wire HTS Wire: Silver Alloy sheath – ceramic filaments made of Bi Pb Sr Ca Cu O

4. 4 TRITHOR OBJECTIVE AND PRODUCTS OBJECTIVE Industrial scale fabrication of HTS wires and components for future commercial applications in energy and magnet technologies PRODUCTS Ag-Bi-2223 tapes for energy applications AgAu-Bi-2223 tapes for current leads Twisted conductors for AC applications Coils for motors and magnets

5. 5 WHICH WIRE FOR WHICH APPLICATION ApplicationTT standard wireTT ac wireTT gold Motor/generatorX CableXX Transformer / SMESX Magnets / NMR / MRIX Current leadsX

6. 6 CRITICAL CURRENTS Je: 74,1 1,4 n: 20,5 0,9

7. 7 GEOMETRY CONTROL Width: 3.15 0,03 Thickness: 0,221 0,006

8. 8 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HTS WIRES at 300K

9. 9 DEPENDENCE ON MAGNETIC FIELD - parallel

10. 10 DEPENDENCE ON MAGNETIC FIELD – perpendicular

11. 11 INDUSTRIALLY RELEVANT MATERIALS Horizons

12. 12 COOLING COST

13. 13 AC – APPLICTIONS Superconductors have losses due to Hysteresis Coupling currents Losses are dependent on (in magnetic fields above 50mT) External magnetic field (~ B²) Current (~ I²) Frequency (~ f) The Superconductor becomes a conductor with very low resistance Factors are Field B Operating Current I Frequency f Combination of losses, operating temperature, overall efficiency and external factors (e.g. size requirement) determine economic feasibility

14. 14 APPLICATIONS – Generator Advantages No-loss excitation Doubling of the magnetic field Increased utilization of the winding High degree of efficiency, low weight, compact construction Diameter [m]Weight [t]Losses [%] Source: Siemens AG 1.0 0.6 Comparison of conventional and HTS-excited 1500 kW electric generators 7.5 2.5 5.0 4.0 1.5 Asynchronous generator Synchronous generator conventional HTS generator

15. 15 APPLICATIONS – Generator Comparison of Weight

16. 16 APPLICATIONS – Generator Efficiency

17. 17 APPLICATIONS – Transformer Traction HTS transformers Reduced weight & space Reduced losses, CO-2 savings, no oil cooling Higher efficiency, lower weight, compact construction, lower life cycle costs Comparison of conventional and HTS 1.3 MVA traction transformer 690 4.8 92 Volume [l]Weight [t] Total Losses [kW] 360 2.2 7.8 Conventional transformer HTS transformer Source: Siemens AG

18. 18 APPLICATIONS – Cable Losses in a 5000m Cable System

19. 19 APPLICATIONS – Cable Investing and running costs

20. 20 APPLICATIONS – Cable Worldwide HTS Cables 1000 m HTS cable

21. 21 www.trithor.com TRITHOR GmbH Heisenbergstr. 16 53359 Rheinbach Germany