1. Health Financing

2. Objectives By the end of the lecture, students should be able to : 1. Explain health financing 2.Discuss how health is financed in our country 3.Enumerate types of insurance in the country 4.List some of the inclusion and exclusion coverage on the scheme

3. How do We finance Health Paying for health services rendered

4. Out of Pocket Payments-Cash and Carry The system prior to the current one was based on a full cost recovery on a pay-for-access basis. The aim of charging access fees was “to recover 15 per cent of the public sector operation cost”. Though this aim was achieved, there were always difficulties as costs of illnesses vary and the majority of the people could not afford treatment. “ Financial access and equity” for poor people was always a problem. Though some exceptions were introduced, increasing public discontent called for its abolishment.

5. External Sources of Funding Donor who support our budget to help finance health

6. Health Insurance

7. Funding of the scheme According to the scheme, Ghanaians are supposed to pay an annual fee according to their income Workers in the formal sector pay 2.5 per cent of their social security contribution. The government covers the aged, indigent and children whose parents pay into the scheme. Financing comes through a 2.5 percent National Health Insurance Levy on selected goods and services. It is also funded by the Highly Indebted Poor Countries Initiative

8. Types District-Wide (Public) Mutual Health Insurance scheme through which the workers of the public sector directly pay a share of their wages into the health insurance system

9. Types CONT’D Private Mutual Health Insurance scheme Through which subsistent farmers, people working in the informal sector and unemployed people who were not formerly employed in the public sector are to pay their contribution

10. Types CONT’D Private Commercial Health Insurance Scheme Through which those employed by larger companies and multi-national companies pay their contributions

11. Inclusive List Full OPD [Out Patient Department] and admission treatment (surgery and medical) cost including feeding are catered for if listed on the scheme Full payment for medicine if within the approved list. Payments for referrals (gatekeeper system) are taken care of provided it is within inclusive list.

12. Exclusion List The exclusion list of stipulations, i.e. treatment not covered by the scheme, entails: Appliance, prostheses, rehabilitation, dentures, organs aids, cosmetics surgery and assisted reproduction HIV retroviral drugs, hormone and organ replacement therapy Heart and brain surgery other than accidents Diagnosis and treatment abroad Dialysis for chronic renal failure and cancers

13. Thank you. Questions