1. 1 Analytic Capacity to Address the Neighborhood Impacts of Foreclosures HUD Office of Policy Development and Research November 2, 2009 Tom Kingsley, Kathy Pettit, Peter Tatian, Leah Hendey The Urban Institute

2. 2 THIS PRESENTATION Urban Institute Approach & Experience Tom Kingsley Working with NNIP to Address the Crisis Kathy Pettit Addressing Foreclosure Issues in the Washington DC Region Peter Tatian

3. 3 UI APPROACH Assemble national datasets Work involves assembly, cleaning, selecting indicators, structuring for ease of use Developed the Neighborhood Change Database (NCDB – consistent census data since 1970) These data systems – the content for DataPlace Form working relationship with local practitioners Coordinate the National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP – since 1995) Local data intermediaries – operate neighborhood level information systems in public interest Number of local partners has grown (from 6 to 32)

4. 4 NATIONAL DATA RESOURCES Economy Example: Zip Business Patterns Education Example: National Center for Education Statistics Income/Savings Example: Statistics of Income Individual Tax Data Housing Example: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Example: Section 8/Multifamily

5. 5 NATIONAL NEIGHBORHOOD INDICATORS PARTNERSHIP (NNIP) Local partners operate information systems Recurrently updated neighborhood-level data Multiple topics and data sources Trusted institutions Mostly outside of government 38% University institutes, 33% stand-alone nonprofits Rely on collaboration with other sectors and residents Shared mission: Democratizing information Practical applications central to mission Direct work with stakeholders – stakeholders “own” the product

6. 6 NATIONAL NEIGHBORHOOD INDICATORS PARTNERSHIP (NNIP) Atlanta Baltimore Boston Camden Chattanooga Chicago Cleveland Columbus Dallas Denver Des Moines Detroit Grand Rapids Hartford Indianapolis Louisville Los Angeles Memphis Miami Milwaukee Minneapolis Nashville New Haven New Orleans New York City Oakland Philadelphia Pittsburgh Providence Sacramento Saint Louis Seattle Washington, DC

7. 7 LOCAL PARTNERS IN NNIP DATA FROM MANY SOURCES Address level Employment Births, deaths Crimes TANF, Food Stamps Child care Health Schools Parcel level Prop. sales, prices Prop. ownership Foreclosures Assessed values Tax arrears Vacant/abandoned City/CDC plans

8. 8 NNIP – RECENT ACTIVITIES Cross-site projects Promoting school readiness and success Supporting the Sustainable Communities Initiative Addressing the foreclosure crisis Tools Catalog of Administrative Data Sources Guide to Property Data Continued support for aspiring partners Portland, San Antonio, Kansas City

9. 9 RECENT UI PROJECTS ON FORECLOSURE ISSUES Literature review: impacts of foreclosures on families and neighborhoods (OSI) Action research/data and strategy: Atlanta, Chicago, Washington (Fannie Mae) Foreclosure-Response.org web site (with Center for Housing Policy & LISC, various sponsors) Analysis for District of Columbia (D.C. Dept. of Insurance, Securities, Banking & Fannie Mae) Analysis spatial patterns & policy, Washington DC Region (Housing in Nation’s Capital, Fannie Mae)

10. 10 RECENT UI PROJECTS (continued) Evaluation of National Foreclosure Mitigation Counseling Program (NeighborWorks) Evaluation of Living Cities Neighborhood Stabilization Initiative (Living Cities) Impacts on school children - Baltimore, New York, Washington (OSI) Neighborhood typologies (foreclosure risk x market strength) – Atlanta, Baltimore, Louisville, Providence (with LISC, for Casey Foundation) NSP2 Technical Assistance (part of LISC team)

11. 11 Working with NNIP to Address the Crisis Kathy Pettit

12. 12 NNIP Partner Foreclosure Activities, Winter 2009 Activity Area Number of Partners Currently involved in foreclosure work25 Overall coordination of strategies13 Foreclosure prevention10 Minimizing harm from vacant foreclosed properties 10 Helping displaced families recover1 Getting vacant foreclosed properties back into use 9

13. 13 Neighborhood Responses to the Foreclosure Crisis Symposium Minneapolis, May 2009 Co-sponsored by NNIP and University of Minnesota Center for Urban and Regional Affairs (CURA) Workshops Outreach/Organizing for Prevention Managing Foreclosed Properties Acquisition of Foreclosed Properties Land Banking

14. 14 Foreclosure-Related Data Geography Property Transactions/Characteristics Any Geography Address/ Parcel Property characteristics2322 Home sales (volume, price)2921 Tax delinquencies1614 Vacant parcels2218 Foreclosures2920 Housing code violations1714

15. 15 Property Transactions/Characteristics Any Daily/ weekly/ monthlyQuarterlyAnnual Property characteristics225411 Home sales (volume, price)287511 Tax delinquencies15225 Vacant parcels21425 Foreclosures26954 Housing code violations16105 Foreclosure-Related Data Update Schedule

16. 16 Local Contributions of NNIP Partners

17. 17 Identifying Elderly At Risk of Losing Homes in Allegheny County 2,214 (18%) 4,646 (33%) 12,494 Analysis by Pittsburgh Neighborhood and Community Information System 12,494 people named as defendants in foreclosure proceedings between 2006 and Nov. 2007 4,646 matches with Allegheny County Department of Human Service clients 2,214 of customers actively accessing resources 904 elderly identified (599 as active Area Agency on Aging consumers and 305 from voter records) 599 (5%) 305 (2%) +

18. 18 Foreclosed Rental Properties in New York City Of the 15,000 foreclosure filings in 2007, 60% were on multifamily buildings. Foreclosures affected 30,000 households, 15,000 of which were renters

19. 19 Source: University of Memphis Center for Community Building and Neighborhood Action (CBANA) Foreclosure, Vacancy, & Abandonment in Memphis Neighborhoods

21. Prices of Distressed Properties Leaving REO, 2005-08 Source: NEO CANDO, Case Western University N=2,941

22. Top Sellers of REO Properties, Cuyahoga County, 2007-2008 Seller Number of REO properties sold, $10,000 or less Percent of total REO properties sold REO properties sold by seller, all prices Percent of REO properties sold for $10,000 or less by seller Deutsche Bank National Trust48618.59%108944.63% Wells Fargo30411.63%77139.43% Fannie Mae2399.14%98224.34% U.S. Bank National Association1947.42%51937.38% LaSalle Bank National Association1626.20%32250.31% Bank of New York1124.28%40427.72% JP Morgan Chase Bank1033.94%29834.56% HSBC Bank752.87%16346.01% Homecoming Financial Network732.79%17342.20% Wachovia Bank562.14%15037.33% Total (top sellers)180469.00%487162.46% Total REO properties sold2614 7799 Source: Cuyahoga County Auditor transfer data from NEO CANDO, Center on Urban Poverty and Community Development, Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University. http://neocando.case.edu

23. 23 NNIP Cross-Site Projects

24. 24 Addressing The Foreclosure Crisis: Action Oriented Research Atlanta Performed scan of foreclosure response system, convened stakeholders from across systems and counties, worked in-depth with DeKalb County Chicago Worked with Greater Southwest Development Corporation to analyze foreclosure counseling clients wit administrative foreclosure data Washington, D.C. (described later)

25. 25 Addressing The Foreclosure Crisis: Atlanta

26. 26 Addressing The Foreclosure Crisis: Chicago

27. 27 Children and Foreclosures Baltimore, New York City, Washington, D.C. Link public school student data with foreclosure data by address Phase 1: Point-in-time How Many? Who (race, tenure, ELL)? What Neighborhoods? What Schools? Phase 2: Post-foreclosure Where do the families go? How does it affect their academic outcomes? (absenteeism, test scores, drop-out rates)

28. 1,400 D.C. students lived in a home in foreclosure, concentrated in a few areas. Public School Students in Parcels with Foreclosure Notice, SY 2008-2009

29. 29 NNIP Roles in NSP/NSP2 Locally: Proposal Planning, Implementation and Monitoring 12 assisted in original NSP applications (city/county, state) Nationally: Technical Assistance

30. 30 Addressing Foreclosures in the Washington D.C. Region Peter Tatian

31. 31 DC Housing Monitor Quarterly update on D.C. housing market Home and condominium sales, listings Section 8 preservation Foreclosures Special analysis Mortgage lending trends (HMDA) Who owns the neighborhood? Tracking subsidized housing http://www.NeighborhoodInfoDC.org/housing/

32. 32 Prices dropping throughout the city, middle of market had steepest declines Four-quarter moving average of median price, single-family homes (2009 $ thousands)

33. 33 Foreclosure inventory continues to rise, foreclosure starts and sales leveling off Single-family homes and condominium units, 1999 – 2009 Q2

34. 34 Half of D.C. Households Affected by Foreclosures are Renters

35. 35 Housing in the Nation's Capital Annual report on housing conditions in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area Since 2002, regular updates of key indicators Special analyses 2003: Low-income housing 2004 & 2005: Challenges from economic prosperity 2006: Link between housing, neighborhoods, schools 2007: Housing for populations with special needs 2009: Foreclosures http://www.urban.org/center/met/hnc/index.cfm

36. 36 Assisted local jurisdictions with NSP 2 applications Provided both the District of Columbia and the Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments (MWCOG) with data to support their applications Mapping of HUD foreclosure and vacancy indices Local data on foreclosures HMDA, MRIS, Census, BLS

37. 37 Supporting Regional NSP2 Application

38. 38 Resources http://www.foreclosure-response.org NNIP Foreclosures – cross-site and local http://www2.urban.org/nnip/foreclosures.html NeighborhoodInfo DC Foreclosure Page http://www.neighborhoodinfodc.org/foreclosure/

39. 39 Contact Information Metropolitan Housing and Communities Center The Urban Institute 2100 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 Tel (main): 202-833-7200 Web:www.urban.org Email:tkingsley@urban.org kpettit@urban.org ptatian@urban.org lhendey@urban.org