1. ON THE MOVE Department of Corrections GEORGIA Presented by: Rachael G. Hopkins, LPC, CPCS, CCAADC, CCDP-D, CCS Substance Abuse Unit Risk Reduction Services CMPAC – Substance Abuse Overview 1

2. Training Overview To increase awareness of substance abuse, addiction, recovery, and treatment. 2

3. What does the research say? 68% of jail inmates reported symptoms in the year before their admission to jail that met substance dependence or abuse criteria Half of all convicted jail inmates were under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time of offense. 16% of convicted jailinmates said they committed their offense to get money for drugs (Karberg & James, 2005) 3

4. What are the common myths of substance abuse? Drug abuse is the same as addiction Alcohol is not a drug Addiction is a moral weakness Abuser/addict must want treatment for it to be successful 4

5. Symptoms of Substance Abuse Any of the following within 12 months: 1.Unfulfilled obligations at work, school or home. 2.Use occurs in hazardous situations. 3.Substance-related legal problems. 4.Continue use despite social or interpersonal problems. (DSM IV-TR, 2000) 5

6. Symptoms of Addiction At least three within 12 months: 1.Tolerance 2.Withdrawal 3.Using more over longer period of time than intended 4.Spending significant time obtaining, using or recovering from use (DSM IV-TR, 2000) 6

7. Symptoms of Addiction cont. At least three within 12 months: 5.Unsuccessful attempts to reduce or control use 6.Reducing or eliminating important social, occupational or recreational activities 7.Continuing use despite physical or psychological problems due to use (DSM IV-TR, 2000) 7

8. Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment For Criminal Justice Populations  Drug addiction is a brain disease that affects behavior  Recovery from drug addiction requires effective treatment, followed by management of the problem over time  Treatment must last long enough to produce stable behavioral changes  Assessment is the first step in treatment 8

9. Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment For Criminal Justice Populations  Tailoring services to fit the needs is important  Drug use during treatment should be carefully monitored  Treatment should target factors associated with criminal behavior  Criminal justice supervision should incorporate treatment planning for drug abusing offenders, and treatment providers should be aware of correctional supervision requirements 9

10. Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment For Criminal Justice Populations  A balance of rewards and sanctions encourages pro-social behavior and treatment participation  Dually-diagnosed offenders often require an integrated treatment approach  Medications are an important part of treatment  Treatment planning should include strategies to prevent and treat chronic medical conditions 10

11. Addiction and Recovery  Progressive oThe symptoms worsen over time.  Chronic oAddiction is a life-long experience.  Incurable oUnable to return to “normal” life. 11

12. Addiction and Recovery  Tolerance oUsing more to get same effect  Withdrawal oPhysical response to the absence of a drug  Loss of control oUnable to stop or control addictive behavior 12

13. Physical Compulsion  “One is too many, a thousand is never enough!”  Loss of Control  Every substance has its compulsion! oPatterns may look different 13

14. Mental Obsession  Denial is a given  Preoccupation  Knowing vs. Doing 14

15. What is Denial?  Denial is not a river in Egypt  Denial is a given  Deceptive thinking about “control” of drug use should be expected from our offender population  Don’t Even kNow I Am Lying! 15

16. Road Trip to Recovery  Meet them where they are  Understand their denial  Give directions to where they need to go 16

17. Treatment for Offenders  Various types of programs offer help in drug rehabilitation, including: residential treatment (in-patient), out-patient, local support groups, extended care centers, recovery or sober houses, addiction counseling, mental health, and medical care. Some programs offer age- and gender-specific programs.sober houses 17

18. American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author. Karberg, J. C. & James, D. J., (2005). Substance dependence, abuse, and treatment of jail inmates, 2002. (NCJ 209588). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. National Institute on Drug Abuse. Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment for Criminal Justice Populations - A Research-Based Guide. (NIH Publication No. 11-5316). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. 18 References

19. Questions??? Chandra Fussell, Manager, Risk Reduction Services, SA Unit fussec00@dcor.state.ga.us 404-617-1517 Rachael G. Hopkins, SSPC, Risk Reduction Services, SA Unit hopkir01@dcor.state.ga.us 706-819-8927 19