3.  It began 5000 years ago and lasted 3000 years on the banks of the river Nile.  Each Autumn heavy downpour flooded the river Nile and when it went down it left behind rich thick mud.  Farmers planted their crops in this and that is how Egypt grew.

4.  Most Egyptians live in dried mud brick huts which had 3 to 4 rooms.  Wealthy people lived in houses with 70 or more rooms.  They had small windows to keep out the sun’s heat.  They also used wet mats to keep the air cool.

5.  They ate beer made from mashed stale bread,  Bread made with wheat,  Beef, geese fish,  Onions and leeks.  Archaoelogists have found wine jars so they might have drank wine.  Dried pieces of fruit have been found in tombs.  Model bee hives in tombs suggest that they used it to sweeten.  They ate their food with fingers.

6.  Pharaohs were the most powerful and important people in Egypt.  They ruled all the land in Egypt.  Pharaohs, when they died, were put into tombs where they had their personal goods for the next life.  One Pharaoh ruled since he was 6 years old until he 100.  This was unusual beacause the average age was 30.  They wore a crown which was a mix of the two old crowns.  They were often portayed with a crook and flail.  Priests prayed for them every day.

7.  The Egyptians fought to protect their valuable goods and to take other countries goods.  The army was made up of only men and they mainly wore a skirt and sandals.  Officers led the army and wore leather armour with pieces of metal in them to strengthen it.  Rich officers wore a helmet.  Slave women were captured in the wars.

8.  Hieroglyphics were a type of picture-writing.  Egyptian priests wrote hieroglyphics on the walls of temples.  There was more than 700 hieroglyphics.  Rich children were thought these and they were punished if they didn’t learn them fast enough.  Hieroglyphics took long to learn.  Hieroglyphics was writen on papyrus, a type of paper.

9.  Khufu ordered the pyramid to be built.  It took 20 years and it was done using 2 million limestone blocks.  Each block weighed nearly 400 men..  More than 100,000 people worked at it.  It was hard because they had no cranes, pulleys or tractors.  The sphinx is a statue which has the head of a pharaoh and the body of a lion.  Both of these monuments are in Giza.

10.  First embalmers are called to wash the body with oil and a priest reads from the ‘Book Of The Dead’.  Next the brain is pulled out bit by bit through the nose using a long bronze hook. The brain is dried in natron,wrapped in gum, bandaged up and put in a jar.  After this they do the same to the other organs.  When that’s finished they dry it in natron and the body is filled with dust, cloth and sand.  After 40 days the hole is covered with a lucky eye of horus charm. Then oils are rubbed into the skin.  They then afterward wrap the body in cloth with charms in between each layer.  Finally they make the death mask, put the body into the wooden coffin, put the death mask on and seal the coffin with wax.

11.  On the 4 th of November 1922 Howard Carter discovered Tutankhamen’s tomb after searching in The Valleys Of The Kings.  Tutankhamen was eight when he became pharaoh and he died at the age of eighteen.  Grave robbers have broken in but only the outer chamber, where the body was not kept, so his body and his personal items were still intact.  There were four chmabers with valuable items in them.  There were 2000 things in the four rooms, a lot of them are made of gold.