1. The Death of American Optimism, Prestige, and Spirit (Hooray!)

3.  1 st one: 1848-1919 Focused on suffrage Base of abolitionists (very middle class)  2 nd one: 1950s-70s Focused on ending social discrimination and increasing economic opportunities Base of civil rights activists ‘72 – Title IX: no sexual discrimination. for educational services in any schools receiving federal funds (rise of female sports, esp. collegiate) ‘72 – ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) Eliz. Cady Stanton Betty Friedan

4.  EEOC failing to enforce Title 7 of Civil Rights Act  formation of N.O.W. (very top- down org.) Lobbied for women on juries, integrated classifieds, and integrated workforce ‘ ‘72 – Title IX: no sexual discrimination for edu. services in any schools receiving federal funds (rise of female sports, esp. collegiate) ‘72 – ERA (eq. of rights & congressional enforcement)

5.  Advent of urban sprawl, and  energy consumption  More awareness & action  ‘62 – ‘70 – Nixon proclaims Earth Day, EPA, & Clean Air Act Meant to regulate emissions, esp. in urban areas (still waiting) ‘‘

6.  ‘73 – Roe v. Wade Abortions criminalized from Civil War to WWI. People did this in secret. Often dangerous. ‘65 Griswold v. Connecticut – protected individual’s right to privacy and contraception (precedent) 1 st trimester decisions b/w woman & doctor, 2 nd needs med. Approval, 3 rd needs to show immediate harm Court legalizes abortion 5-4  ‘78 – Alan Bakke v. UC Regents (14 th Amend.) U.C. Davis & Special Admits (econ./edu. disadv.) 5-4 ruling: race can be a factor, but not a quota used to exclude

7.  Rock n’ Roll – stagnant until ‘59 60s/70s - Beatles, Dylan, Motown, Zeppelin, AC/DC, Queen, free F.M. radio ‘70 - $2bil. music industry with 80% going to rock  Drugs – Welcome to the new drug culture  Sex – Now on public policy radar Co-ed facilities in college Advent of the pill Want to live together? Hippie lifestyle

8.  70s – No productivity , while prices  America’s shift to service industry German & Japanese cars, steel, tv’s vs. American burgers! Lenders  interest rates (~20%) which means less borrowing, means less jobs

9. Foreign Flare-ups & Signs of Peace (Minor Ones, at least)

10.  Oct. ‘73 – Yom Kippur War (Syria & Egypt v. Israel over 6-Day War gains) U.S. backed Israel with $2 bil. in supplies Arab. Countries embargo U.S. from oil ‘74 – Embargo lifted, but prices increase 400% Oil addicted America looks toward car industry to regulate MPG and to Alaska for oil. Look to coal and nuclear energy for power Balance of trade destroyed, America no longer a powerhouse (6% pop., 30% oil use, 50% imported)

11.  China 72’ visit and ping pong?  Nixon first president to visit China  Opened up because of ping pong match between US-China The Soviet Union ‘72 – Moscow visit, $750 million grant for food SALT I – limited ICBM’s among other weapons SALT II – failed in ‘79 when USSR invades Afghanistand

12.  ‘ ‘79 – The Shah of Iran flees (along with his oil), enter the Ayatollah Khomeni  Nov. 4, 79 – Students, 53 hostages, and the “Great Satan” “America Held Hostage”