1. “Don’t let complexity stop you. Be activists. Take on the big inequities. It will be one of the great experiences of your lives.” - Bill Gates Dealing with Poverty (as if your job wasn’t already difficult enough!) Fairfield County Agency Expo; OU Lancaster October 29, 2014

2. Agenda Brief Intro to CRP Poverty Indicators  FPL, Self-Sufficiency Numbers for Fairfield County Implications? Questions?

3. Community Research Partners Who we are: 501(c)(3) founded in 2000 Our Mission: Strengthen communities through data, information, and knowledge Our Partners:

4. Community Research Partners What we do:

5. Community Research Partners What we do:

6. Community Research Partners What we do:

8. Who are you?

9. Poverty Indicators

10. 2014 Federal Poverty Guidelines Household Size 100%133%150%200%250%300%400% 1 $11,670$15,521$17,505$23,340$29,175$35,010$46,680 2 15,73020,92123,59531,46039,32547,19062,920 3 19,79026,32129,68539,58049,47559,37079,160 4 23,85031,72135,77547,70059,62571,55095,400 5 27,91037,12041,86555,82069,77583,730111,640 6 31,97042,52047,95563,94079,92595,910127,880 7 36,03047,92054,04572,06090,075108,090144,120 8 40,09053,32060,13580,180100,225120,270160,360

11. Poverty Thresholds for 2013 by Size of Family and Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Size of family unit Weighted avg thresholds Related children under 18 years 012345678+ 1 person (unrelated individual) 11,888 Under 65 years..... 12,119 65 years and over..... 11,173 2 people...... 15,142 Householder < 65 years... 15,67915,60016,057 Householder 65 years + 14,09514,08115,996 3 people............ 18,55218,22218,75118,769 4 people............ 23,83424,02824,42123,62423,707 5 people............ 28,26528,97729,39828,49827,80127,376 6 people............ 31,92533,32933,46132,77132,11031,12830,545 7 people............ 36,38438,34938,58837,76337,18736,11534,86533,493 8 people............ 40,48442,89043,26942,49041,80740,83939,61038,33138,006 9 people +....... 48,06551,59451,84451,15450,57549,62548,31747,13446,84245,037 Source: U.S. Census Bureau.

12. Another way to look at poverty: The Self- Sufficiency Standard

13. Fairfield County

16. A Look at Fairfield County

20. Implications?

21. Before children enter kindergarten, their development is strongly associated with their socio-economic status (Shonkoff & Phillips, 2000). An extrapolation of data from several studies found that high risk children, which include those in low-income households, are likely to start kindergarten about 2 years developmentally behind their age peers who were raised in non-high risk environments. Importantly, however, in testing cognitive development in children across different levels of advantage (as measured by the parents’ own educational and intellectual levels) in controlled trials, children were able to close that achievement gap through participation in a quality preschool experience (Ramey & Ramey, 2004).

22. Implications?

23. The particular effectiveness of the EITC is thought to be partially due to how the payments are structured. For families with very low earnings, instead of phasing out payments when families’ earnings rise, the size of the credit increases. This incentivizes employment and ultimately results in moving families from cash welfare assistance to sustained incomes. (Sherman, Trisi, & Parrott, 2013)

24. Implications?

25. The current body of literature on the effectiveness of homelessness programs points to the limitations of the Continuum of Care housing model with regard to long-term positive outcomes. Case studies and reviews (Culhane & Metraux, 2008), (Shaheen & Rio, 2007), (Rodriguez, 2013) found that shelters by themselves do not always adequately address the needs of people experiencing homelessness. Systems with early opportunities for employment, opportunities to access Rapid Re-housing, and those that customize interventions based on need are more effective and the most likely to have low recurrence rates.

26. Implications?

27. In the US, obesity and poor nutrition and their associated health impacts are strongly associated with poverty. While overweight status among American youth has been increasing over decades regardless of sex, race, or ethnicity, the increase is greater in families living below the poverty line than those above it. Across the entire population, the highest rates of obesity are in populations with the highest poverty rates and the least education. (Miech, Kumanyika, Stettler, Link, Phelan, & Chang, 2006), (Drewnowski & Specter, 2004)

28. Questions?

29. Other data sources Center for Neighborhood Technology (CNT)  H+T Affordability Index University of Washington School of Social Work  The Self-Sufficiency Standard for Ohio Harvard University / University of California, Berkeley  The Equality of Opportunity Project Early Childhood Ohio  Early Learning and Development County Profiles

30. Other data sources H+T Affordability Index website  http://htaindex.cnt.org/ http://htaindex.cnt.org/ The Self-Sufficiency Standard publications website  http://www.selfsufficiencystandard.org/pubs.html http://www.selfsufficiencystandard.org/pubs.html The Equality of Opportunity Project website  http://www.equality-of-opportunity.org/ http://www.equality-of-opportunity.org/ Early Learning and Development County Profiles website  http://www.earlychildhoodohio.org/county_profiles.php http://www.earlychildhoodohio.org/county_profiles.php

31. Contact information Lynnette Cook, PhD Executive Director Community Research Partners 399 East Main Street, Suite 100 Columbus, Ohio 43215 P: 614-737-2932 lcook@researchpartners.org www.researchpartners.org @CRPColumbus