1. Bethan W. Jones Principal Speech & Language Therapist
Prif Therapydd Iaith a Lleferydd
22/04/2017

2. SLI Provision through the medium of Welsh
Darpariaeth AIP trwy gyfrwng y Gymraeg

3. Anhwylder Iaith Penodol
SLI
Specific Language Impairment
AIP
Anhwylder Iaith Penodol

4. What is SLI?
Beth yw AIP?

5. What is Communication? Beth yw Cyfathrebu?
Communication entails giving and receiving messages.
It requires a speaker & a listener.
There are many skills involved in sucessful communication.
Mae cyfathrebu yn ddibynnol ar rhoi a derbyn negeseuon.
Mae angen siaradwr a gwrandawr.
Er mwyn cyfathrebu yn llwyddianus mae angen meistroli nifer o sgiliau.

6. What is Communication? Beth yw Cyfathrebu?
SYNIAD!
IDEA!
“Darllen rhwng y llinellau”
“Reading between the lines”
Dewis a Dweud Geiriau
Choose and Say Words
Deall Brawddegau
Understand Sentences
Deall Geiriau
Understand Words
Dewis a Dweud Brawddegau
Choose and Say Sentences
Cofio - Côf
Remember - Memory
Siarad yn glir
Speak Clearly
Gwrando a Thalu Sylw
Listening and Attention
Siarad yn Addas
Speak Appropriately
Edrych
Look
Deall Iaith “Y Gwrandawr”
Understanding Language “The Listener”
Mynegi Iaith “Y Siaradwr”
Expressive Language “The Speaker”
Beth yw Cyfathrebu? Y Gadwyn Gyfathrebu
What is Communication? The Communication Chain
Beth yw Cyfathrebu? Y Gadwyn Gyfathrebu
What is Communication? The Communication Chain
Beth yw Cyfathrebu? Y Gadwyn Gyfathrebu
What is Communication? The Communication Chain
SYNIAD!
IDEA!
SYNIAD!
IDEA!
SYNIAD!
IDEA!
“Darllen rhwng y llinellau”
“Reading between the lines”
“Darllen rhwng y llinellau”
“Reading between the lines”
“Darllen rhwng y llinellau”
“Reading between the lines”
Dewis a Dweud Geiriau
Choose and Say Words
Dewis a Dweud Geiriau
Choose and Say Words
Dewis a Dweud Geiriau
Choose and Say Words
Deall Brawddegau
Understand Sentences
Deall Brawddegau
Understand Sentences
Deall Brawddegau
Understand Sentences
Dewis a Dweud Brawddegau
Choose and Say Sentences
Deall Geiriau
Understand Words
Dewis a Dweud Brawddegau
Choose and Say Sentences
Deall Geiriau
Understand Words
Dewis a Dweud Brawddegau
Choose and Say Sentences
Deall Geiriau
Understand Words
Cofio - Côf
Remember - Memory
Cofio - Côf
Remember - Memory
Siarad yn glir
Speak Clearly
Cofio - Côf
Remember - Memory
Siarad yn glir
Speak Clearly
Siarad yn glir
Speak Clearly
Gwrando a Thalu Sylw
Listening and Attention
Gwrando a Thalu Sylw
Listening and Attention
Gwrando a Thalu Sylw
Listening and Attention
Siarad yn Addas
Speak Appropriately
Siarad yn Addas
Speak Appropriately
Edrych
Look
Siarad yn Addas
Speak Appropriately
Edrych
Look
Edrych
Look
Deall Iaith “Y Gwrandawr”
Understanding Language “The Listener”
Mynegi Iaith “Y Siaradwr”
Expressive Language “The Speaker”
Deall Iaith “Y Gwrandawr”
Understanding Language “The Listener”
Mynegi Iaith “Y Siaradwr”
Expressive Language “The Speaker”
Deall Iaith “Y Gwrandawr”
Understanding Language “The Listener”
Mynegi Iaith “Y Siaradwr”
Expressive Language “The Speaker”
Y Gadwyn Gyfathrebu wedi ei addasu o ‘The Communication Chain’ -Elklan (Elks & McLaughlan) 2006
Adapted from ‘The Communication Chain’ -Elklan (Elks & McLaughlan) 2006
Y Gadwyn Gyfathrebu wedi ei addasu o ‘The Communication Chain’ -Elklan (Elks & McLaughlan) 2006
Adapted from ‘The Communication Chain’ -Elklan (Elks & McLaughlan) 2006
Y Gadwyn Gyfathrebu wedi ei addasu o ‘The Communication Chain’ -Elklan (Elks & McLaughlan) 2006
Adapted from ‘The Communication Chain’ -Elklan (Elks & McLaughlan) 2006

7. SLI AIP
Language – difficulties with one or more components of the chain.
Impairment – inability to develop language skills at the same rate or same order as peers.
Specific – language is the primary difficulty; and it’s not caused by learning difficulty or hearing impairment.
Iaith – anhawster gydag un neu fwy o elfennau’r gadwyn.
Anhwylder – nid yw iaith yn datblygu ar yr un pryd a’i gyfoedion, nac yn yr un drefn.
Penodol – iaith yw’r brif broblem; ac nid yw’n cael ei achosi gan anabledd dysgu na diffyg clyw.

8. Pan ofynnwyd i mi wneud cyflwyniad ar AIP a phlant Cymru Cymraeg, teimlais “Pam fi?”, be’ dwi’n ei wybod am y peth.
Ond wedi meddwl, sylweddolias fy mod yn gwybod tipyn am y maes.
When I was first asked to present on SLI and welsh speaking children I wondered “Why me?”, what do I know about it.
When I thought about it I realised that, actually I did know something about it.

9. Have worked in Language Resource Centres in Wales for 19 years, therefore with SLI children for 19 years.
Am currently clinical lead for SLI in BCUHB (West).
Dwi wedi gweithio mewn Canolfannau Iaith yng Nghymru ers 19 mlynedd.
Ar hyn o bryd fi yw arweinydd clinegol AIP ym BIPBC (Gorllewin)

10. Wedi meddwl pendefynais chwilio am yr ymchwil ar AIP a’r Gymraeg.
Felly fe wnes i “rhoi anhwylder iaith penodol” a “Cymraeg” i fewn i chwiliwr gwe.
A dod o hyd i……
DDIM BYD LLAWER
Upon more thought I decided to look for the research on Welsh & SLI.
So I duly put “specific language impairment” & “Welsh” into a search engine.
And found………
NOT A LOT

11. I had more luck when searching for SLI and bilingulism.
More research is being done in this field now, but I found very little that I could use today.
Cefais mwy o hwyl wrth chwilio am AIP a dwyieithrwydd.
Mae fwy o ymchwil rwan yn cael ei wneud yn y maes yma, ond nid oeddwn wedi gallu dod o hyd i unrhywbeth defnyddiol ar gyfer heddiw.

12. The research I’ve found suggests that bilingual SLI children tend to have predominantly syntax and morphology difficulties.
Mae’r ymchwil dwi wedi dod o hyd iddo yn awgrymu bod gan plant AIP dwyieithog anawsterau syntacteg a morffolegol yn bennaf.

13. My personal experience is that Welsh SLI children have the full range of SLI difficulties, similar to their English speaking counterparts. That they are no different.
Yn fy mhrofiad personol i, mae gan plant AIP Cymraeg yr holl anawsterau AIP â sydd gan eu cyfoedion Saesneg. Nid ydynt yn wahanol.

14. They have just as many
semantic [content]
pragmatic [use]
syntactic [structure]
lexical
phonological [sounds]
difficulties as their English counterparts.
Mae ganddynt gynifer o anawsterau
semanteg [cynnwys]
pragmateg [defnydd]
syntacteg [strwythyr]
geiriol
ffonolegol [synnau]
a’u cyfoedion Saesneg.

15. Dwi yn asesu/arsylwi eu:
Sgiliau talu sylw
Sgiliau gwrando
Sgiliau chwarae
Sgiliau cymdeithasol
Defnydd o iaith gymdeithasol/sgiliau pragmatig.
Gallu i enwi geirfa o fewn thema’r dosbarth.
Gallu i enwi berfau o fewn thema’r dosbarth.
Defnydd o gysyniadau [thema]
Sgiliau cof tymor byr – cofio rhifau a brawddegau
Asesiad scrinio Blank [thema]
Rhestr wirio AFASIC
Mae hyn yn berthnasol pa bynnag iaith maent yn siarad
I observe/assess at their:
Attention skills
Listening skills
Play skills
Social competence
Social use of language/pragmatic skills
Ability to name nouns within the class theme
Ability to name verbs within the class theme
Concept use [theme]
Short Term Memory skills – digit & sentence recall
Blank style screening tool [theme]
And I complete an AFASIC checklist
Regardless of what language they speak.

16. It’s only when I assess at their :
Phonological skills
Syntactic skills
will I pay heed to the language they speak and the consequent rules that govern word order in sentences, and how & what sounds are used in words.
Dim ond pan ydwyf yn asesu eu :
Sgiliau ffonolegol
Sgiliau syntactig
Y byddaf yn talu sylw i’r iaith maent yn ei siarad a’r rheolau sy’n rheoli ym mha drefn mae geiriau o fewn brawddeg, a sut a pha seiniau sy’n cael eu defnyddio o fewn geiriau.

17. Welsh SLI children are just as likely to :
Have comprehension difficulties
Have word finding difficulties
Use jargon
Omit verbs from their sentences
Use telegrammatic sentences
Have memory deficits
As their English speaking counterparts.
Mae plant AIP Cymraeg r’un mor debygol o :
Gael anawsterau dealltwriaeth
Gael anwsterau dwyn geiriau i gof
Defnyddio jargon
Peidio defnyddio berfau o fewn eu brawddegau
Defnyddio brawddegau telegramatig
Cael diffygion cof
A’u cyfoedion Saesneg

18. One of the challenges that I face is with resources
One of the challenges that I face is with resources. There are far many more English than Welsh resources.
Luckily Black Sheep are producing Welsh resources for Speech & Language Therapy.
Bangor University have developed a Welsh vocabulary assessment.
Some Welsh phonology assessments have also been developed- CWLWM & AFfGaM.
Un sialens dwi’n ei wynebu yw diffyg adnoddau. Mae yna lawer mwy o adnoddau Saesneg na Chymraeg.
Yn ffodus mae Black Sheep yn cynhyrchu adnoddau Therapi Iaith a Lleferydd Cymraeg.
Mae Prifysgol Bangor wedi creu asesiad geirfa Cymraeg.
Mae sawl asesiad ffonoleg wedi cael eu creu megis CWLWM ac AFfGaM.

19. Across BCUHB the provision for welsh SLI children varies.
Some are seen in Language Resources.
Some are seen in mainstream schools.
Ar draws BIPBC mae’r ddarpariaeth ar gyfer plant AIP Cymraeg yn amrywio.
Mae rhai yn cael eu gweld o fewn Canolfannau Iaith.
Mae rhai yn cael eu gweld o fewn ysgolion prif-lif.

20. The provision can include:
Training for school staff
Training for parents
Mae’r mewnbwn yn gallu cynnwys:
Hyfforddiant i staff yr ysgol
Hyfforddiant rhieni

21. The future
Y dyfodol