1. Written Language CHAPTER 10

2. WRITTEN LANGUAGE What are the components of written language? of written language? What are the skills related to those components?

3. RECENT YEARS What are some of the recent developments and advances in research and programming in research and programming concerning written language? concerning written language?

4. IN THE CURRICULUM What are some specific facets of writing that serve as general programming considerations?

5. Handwriting Have technical advances made handwriting an unimportant skill to teach? What is the ultimate goal of teaching handwriting to the general student? To a student with special needs?

6. Handwriting Assessment of Handwriting Skills Assessment of Handwriting Skills Handwriting Prerequisites Handwriting Prerequisites Manuscript Writing Manuscript Writing Cursive Writing Cursive Writing Proficiency & Maintenance Proficiency & Maintenance

7. Handwriting Alternatives What are the pros and cons of these handwriting alternatives? D’Nealian Handwriting Program D’Nealian Handwriting Program Mixed Script Mixed Script Keyboarding Instruction Keyboarding Instruction

8. Left-Handedness What are some common problems that left-handers encounter? What are some alternatives for left-handers?

9. S-P-E-L-L-I-N-G What are the two main classifications for those that have difficulty in spelling? Has the advent of spell-check made the teaching of spelling less important?

10. Spelling Assessment What are some commonly used tests and methods of spelling assessment? What are some informal approaches to spelling assessment? What are some common spelling error patterns that can be recognized by a teacher?

11. Spelling Instruction Word selection Word selection General teaching strategies General teaching strategies Strategy Training Strategy Training Program Design Program Design –What considerations need to be made when designing an effective spelling program?

12. Invented Spellings Do you think invented spelling has a positive or negative effect on student writing? on student writing?

13. WRITTEN EXPRESION What are the typical divisions of the writing process? of the writing process? What are the additional components of each writing stage?

14. ASSESSMENT According to the ASCD, what are the qualities that should be assessed in writing? be assessed in writing? What are three types of portfolios are typically used in inclusive classes?

15. Instruction What are some suggestions for providing students with frequent and meaningful writing opportunities?

16. Instruction Prewriting Prewriting Writing Writing Vocabulary Development Vocabulary Development Sentences Development Sentences Development Paragraph Development Paragraph Development Composition Writing Composition Writing Postwriting Postwriting

17. Strategy Training What are some strategy training options teachers can use to help students to enhance their writing?

18. Note Taking What are some strategies to use to help students enhance their note taking abilities in every class?

19. ACTIVITIES Share some activities from pages 325-328 that you already use in your classes. Select some activities that you could realistically add to your style of teaching.

20. THE END