1. SPSS Presented by Chabalala Chabalala Lebohang Kompi Balone Ndaba

2. SPSS Statistical package for the Social Sciences. SPSS is a complete and comprehensive system for analysing data. SPSS can take any type of file and use the information to tabulate. reports, charts, plots and trends. Most people aren't familiar with SPSS.

3. Importance of using SPSS SPSS does not only help us analyse data but help us understand data more. A few importance of SPSS: 1. Abstracts Accumulating and Organization SPSS is generally acclimated as a abstracts accumulating apparatus by researchers. 2. Abstracts Output Once abstracts is calm and entered into the abstracts area in SPSS, we can actualize an achievement book from the data. 3. Statistical Tests A lot of accessible use for SPSS is to use the software to run statistical tests.

4. Overview of SPSS How to start SPSS. The SPSS menu bar. The SPSS data editor tool bar. How to exit SPSS.

5. How to start SPSS Either double click on the desktop icon or if you don’t have a desktop icon. Go to start menu → All programs → SPSSInc →SPSS16.

6. When you first login into SPSS A dialog box will open up. You have several options:  You can run a tutorial guide.  You can get a blank data editor window and type in your own data.  You can open a database wizard to import an excel file.  You can open an existing SPSS file.  Or any other type of file such as a journal file. For instance opening an existing file, say a sample file. SPSS file extension is.sav

7. The SPSS menu bar At the top of the screen is the menu bar. Below that is the tool bar.

8. The edit Menu From the edit menu you can:  Cut.  Copy.  Paste.  Insert variables and insert cases.

9. File Menu From the file menu you can open: I.Several existing files. II.Database files such as an excel file III.You can read in text. IV.Save any changes you make to the file. V.Or print the active window.

10. Data Menu From the data menu you can:  Allow you to define variable properties.  Sort cases.  Merge files.  Split your file.  Select cases.  Use your variable to weight cases.

11. Transform Menu From the transform menu you can:  Find some options to do some computations on variables.  Create new variable from existing ones.  Recode old variables.

12. Analyze Menu This is where all statistical analysis takes place. You can analyse:  From descriptive statistics  To regression models  To non-parametric tests

13. Explanations Descriptive statistics are used to describe the basic features of the data in a study. They provide simple summaries about the sample and the measures. Together with simple graphics analysis, they form the basis of virtually every quantitative analysis of data.  A statistic (singular) is a single measure of some attribute of a sample (e.g., its arithmetic mean value). Regression models are used to predict one variable from one or more other variables.  regression analysis is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables. Parametric and nonparametric methodologies refer to those in which a set of data has a normal vs. a non-normal distribution, respectively. Parametric tests make certain assumptions about a data set; namely, that the data are drawn from a population with a specific (normal) distribution.

14. Graph Menu Is where you can create high resolution plots and graphs to be edited in the chat editor window. Or you can create interactive graphs.

15. Utilities Menu To display information on the contents of SPSS data file. Or to run scripts

16. Add-ons We can run other packages like conjoint Classifications trees Neural networks Also there are programmability extension. That will allow you to integrate programs like R and python.  R is a free software programming language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics.  Python is a programming language general-purpose, high level programming language  If you want to use any of the items on the add-ons, you should purchase them separately.

17. Windows Menu You can change the active window. The window with the tick is the active window.

18. Help Menu Helps you to get help or topics and SPSS You can ask the statistics coach some basic questions.

19. Data set Rows are cases Columns are variables Cases are records A variable is a characteristic of a unit being observed. that may assume more than one of a set of values to which a numerical measure or a category from a classification can be assigned E.g. income, age, weight, etc., and “occupation”, “industry”, “disease”, etc.

20. Data Entry Menus  Components