1. September 2015 Kookmin UniversitySlide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: Channel Modeling for Image Sensor based Sea and Digital Signage Communication Date Submitted: September 2015 Source: Trang Nguyen, Mohammad Arif Hossain, Yeong Min Jang [Kookmin University] and Jaesang Cha[SNUST] Contact: +82-2-910-5068E-Mail: yjang@kookmin.ac.kr Re: Abstract:This contribution presents a proposed timeline with milestones. It is offered to the committee which can adopt, modify or ignore the suggested timeline. Purpose: Call for Channel Models Response Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

2. September 2015 Slide 2 Field of Application Our Proposed Channel Model is proposed considering the A8 (Sea Communication) and A11 (Digital Signage) of Application and Use cases for Image Sensor Communications. Sea Communication might be used in night time. Consequently, daylight interference in the communication medium is neglected. LED Signage will be used indoor system. So, the effect sunlight can also be omitted. The LED source for sea communication is considered as circular sized while the digital signage will be in flat and rectangular in size. Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

3. September 2015 Slide 3 Channel Models  Transmitter: 1.Circular LED (Seaside Communication) 2.LED Signage (Digital Signage)  Channel Medium: We have considered only Line of Sight (LOS) communication channel. The reflected portion of light (NLOS channel) is discarded by using image processing method.  Receiver: 1.Rolling Shutter Camera 2.Global Shutter Camera  We use extra zoom functionality for long distance communication in sea communication. Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

4. September 2015 Slide 4 Scenario 1: Ship-to-Ship Low power transmission at night Medium: Fog/Rain/Snow Distance: < kilometer Flicker mode: Allowed Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

5. September 2015 Slide 5 Scenario 2: Lighthouse-to-Ship Beam forming (α) High power transmission at night Medium: Fog/Rain/Snow Distance: several kilometers Non-Flicker Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

6. September 2015 Slide 6 Scenario 3: Indoor Digital Signage LED tube/panel transmitter Transmission Distance: <3m Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

7. September 2015 Slide 7 Medium Modeling for LOS Link  The distance between Tx and Rx: D  Angle of FOV for beam: α 1  Angle of FOV for glow: α 2  Fresnel Lens is used to form the beam. Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission Glow Beam LED α1α1 α2α2 Fresnel lens (optional) D d dʹdʹ

8. September 2015 Slide 8 Experimental Parameters (LED product of Kimin Electronics):  LED Diameter: 11.5 cm  Transmission Distance: 10m  Beam Radius: 1m  Glow Radius: 3.5 m  Power of LED: 48W 1m 3.5 m Experimental Illustration LED Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

9. September 2015 Slide 9 Medium Modeling (Fog) The Fog attenuation Coefficient, Considering, 5% transmission threshold we can write  V is visibility range in km  λ is transmission wavelength in nm  q is the size distribution coefficient Reference: Muhammad Saleem Awan et al.“Characterization of Fog and Snow Attenuations for Free-Space Optical Propagation” http://ojs.academypublisher.com/index.php/jcm/article/view/0408533545/491 Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

10. September 2015 Slide 10 Medium Modeling (Rain + Snow) The Snow attenuation Coefficient, The Rain attenuation Coefficient, Reference: Muhammad Saleem Awan et al.“Characterization of Fog and Snow Attenuations for Free-Space Optical Propagation” http://ojs.academypublisher.com/index.php/jcm/article/view/0408533545/491 Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission

11. September 2015 Slide 11 Receiver Modeling Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission 1- Imaging based Communication 2- Non-Imaging based Communication The LED transmitter is in focus range and can be captured by image sensor. The LED transmitter is out of focus range and the incoming beam to Image Sensor covers the entire of sensor. LED Image Sensor LED Image Sensor

12. September 2015 Slide 12 Conclusion Kookmin University doc.: IEEE 802.15-15- 0718 -00-007a Submission  Channel modeling for Image Sensor Communications in Sea environment at night under presence of Snow/Rain/Fog is considered.  The distance of transmission depends on the power of LED. The beam forming technique is considered to enhance transmission distance.  Out-of-focus Image Sensor Communications is of interest.  Indoor Digital Signage scenario is of interest.