1. GIVE ME LIBERTY Chapter 1
FONER
GIVE ME LIBERTY
Chapter 1

2. What does “Discovery of America” mean?
A NEW WORLD
From Land Bridge to THIRTEEN Colonies
What does “Discovery of America” mean?

3. ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
THE FIRST AMERICANS
global warming
early migration
agriculture
Anasazi
Aztecs
Incas
Mound Builders
Western Indians
Eastern Indians
African and Asian sculptures and artifacts have been found in the Americas which pre-date Columbus. What does this mean?

4. Indian Society Distinguishing factors Common characteristics
cities, roads, irrigation systems, pyramids
Common characteristics
lacked metal tools, gunpowder, machines, and literacy
Political management-tribal
Religion-A single creator stands atop the spiritual hierarchy
Absence of shared identity
Land and property
Gender-women guarded tradition
matrilineal
warfare left women without partners
Conceptions of freedom
Desire for peaceful trade

5. Europe on the eve of Conquest
Portugal
Spain
France
Dutch
English
Russia
Development of caravel, compass, quadrant = _____?

6. THREE WORLDS COLLIDE: Exploration and Conquest of America
NOTE: Diverse WEST AFRICAN cultures share common features
Slavery in African PREDATES the Europeans

7. Exploring North America
SPAIN
Expulsion of the Jews, Muslims
Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
conquistadores
Florida
St. Augustine
Southwest
Onate
Santa Fe
Pueblo Revolt (Pope)
FRENCH
DUTCH

8. Principal Spanish Explorations of North America
Cabrillo
Principal Spanish Explorations of North America

9. Who am I?
I am responsible for giving Amerigo Vespucci credit for discovering the new world!

10. Q: Who am I?
I am responsible for giving Amerigo Vespucci credit for discovering the new world!
A: Martin Waldseemüller

11. The Spanish Empire in America
Spain explores region from Mexico to Florida
Vast majority of natives killed by European diseases
Small, well organized Spanish military forces overcame native empires (conquistadores)
Columbian Exchange begins
Justification for conquest-superiority of European culture
Religion becomes conflict between natives and explorers
Spanish establish imperial government-viceroys, lawyers
Spain’s New World economy is tied to mercantilism
Spanish establish encomienda system-forced Indian labor

12. Mexico Under the Aztecs, 1519

13. Spain and Portugal Divide the Globe
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

14. Spanish Empire and Global Labor System: young single men, forced Indian labor, African slaves

15. Impact on the Indians Columbian Exchange freedom civilize the Indian
Disastrous decline in Indian population
freedom
civilize the Indian
coexistence
conquest
Black Legend-uniquely cruel
Las Casas

16. French Colonization Explorers Cartier LaSalle Champlain Marquette
Trade
Metal items (knives) for beaver pelts
Indians-friendly
Christianity
Early French settlers were mostly single men-Why?
Gold
Northwest passage

17. Dutch Colonization
Henry Hudson-sought Northwest passage, New York harbor
New Netherland, New Amsterdam
Indians
International commerce, joint stock companies
Freedom of the press; broad religious toleration

18. French, Dutch influence in the 1600s
Christianity, technology, new legal systems and family relations, economic enterprise, wealth creation