1. Spanish & Native American Interaction
U.S. History
Chapter 2, section 1

3. Question/Main Idea:
Describe the Spanish patterns of conquest. What type of culture resulted in this type of conquest?

4. Spanish Conquests *The Reconquista
700 year battle to rid Iberian Peninsula of Muslims
Sets a pattern of treatment (cultures) by Spanish in the future
Christians/Muslims live in harmony at first
Traded, intermarried, borrowed cultures

5. Conquistadors
*Conquistadors expected same relationship with natives in Americas as those in Europe.
hidalgos -young Spanish gentlemen who led the conquests against Muslims and in Americas
Believed they’d find:
God, Gold, Glory
wanted riches and fame
hoped to find in Americas

6. Encomienda System
Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pissarro in search of gold/riches
Conquered Inca/Aztecs and in 1550’s
began establishing colonies in Central-South America
Spanish treated Native Americans “ruthlessly”
natives forced to work under encomienda system
must work for the good of one individual
In return, Spanish agreed to care for natives

7. Why were Spanish outposts established in Florida and New Mexico?
Question/Main Idea:
Why were Spanish outposts established in Florida and New Mexico?

8. Spanish Outposts
Spanish explorers after Columbus mapped, studied lands and people in southeastern and southwestern U.S.
area not rich in resources like they first thought
Spanish government - defensive bases built 1550’s to protect empire from other Europeans
establish forts along coasts
not very successful in longevity of forts

9. Continued………………… Spanish began moving west away from Florida
Moved into New Mexico and California to protect northern Mexican borders from Europeans in the Pacific 
How well did the settlements succeed?
Small settlements called presidios built to guard area
Maintained by Franciscan monks
Priests established missions with idea of turning Native Americans into Catholics

10. Question/Main Idea:
How did the Native Americans resist Spanish conquest in Florida and New Mexico and how did the Spanish settlement pattern change in response?

11. Conquering New Mexico and Florida
Nomadic groups resistant to religion and treatment by Spanish
Conflict began in New Mexico
widespread revolt by Native Americans
Pueblo people united and were successful in expelling Spanish from Southwest
Destroyed missions-other signs of Christianity and European culture
Ancient ways of Pueblo reborn

12. Continued……………
However, in 1700’s Pueblo were forced to seek Spanish protection from enemies
in exchange, Pueblo become Catholic, but maintain their traditions and governed themselves

13. Continued……………. Native Americans resist Spanish control in Florida
combined forces with English from other colonies
Defeated Spanish, limiting settlements in Florida
by 1706, only three settlements remain
English, like Spanish had trouble establishing profitable colonies in America
Solutions for profitability comes in the form of tobacco