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Chapter 11 B-Cell Generation, Activation, and Differentiation
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本章大綱 : 1. B-Cell Maturation 2. B-Cell Activation and Proliferation 3. The Humoral Response 4. In Vivo Studies for Induction of Humoral Response 5. Germinal Centers and Antigen-Induced B-Cell Differentiation 6. Regulation of B-Cell Development 7. Regulation of the Immune Effector Response
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B-Cell Maturation
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Overview of B-cell Development Sites of B-cell maturation – before birth: yolk sac fetal liver fetal bone marrow after birth: bone marrow
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Bone-Marrow Stromal Cells Are Required for Maturation of Progenitor B Cells into Precursor B Cells Direct contact is required
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Sequence of Events and Characteristics of the Stages in B Cell Maturation in the Bone Marrow
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Pre-B Cell Receptor Heavy chain: Chain Surrogate light chain: VpreB and 5 Ig /Ig
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Sequential Expression of Membrane Ig and Surrogate Light Chain at Different Stages of B-Cell Differentiation in the Bone Marrow
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Experimental Evidence for Negative Selection of Self- Reactive B Cells During Maturation in the Bone Marrow
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B-Cell Activation and Proliferation
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Two Distinct Signals for B-Cell Activation
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The Initial Stages of Signal Transduction by an Activated B-Cell Receptor (BCR)
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Signal Transduction Pathways Activated by the BCR
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BCR Complex: TAPA-1 (CD81), CD2 (CD21), and CD19
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Sequence of Events in B-Cell Activation by a Thymus-Dependent Ag
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Initial Contact between a T Cell and B Cell a T-B Conjugate
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Clonal Anergy in Mature Peripheral B Cells Production of double-transgenic mice carrying transgenes encoding HEL and anti-HEL Ab:
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FACS Analysis of Peripheral B Cells that Bind HEL Compared with Membrane IgM Level:
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Clonal Deletion of Self-Reactive Mature Peripheral B Cells Production of double-transgenic mice expressing the class I K b molecule and anti-K b Ab:
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FACS analysis of bone marrow and peripheral (lymph node) B cells for K b binding versus mIgM:
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Concentration and Isotype of Serum Ab Following Primary (1° ) and Secondary (2 ° ) Immunization with Ag
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Hapten-Primed and Carrier-Primed Cells Are Separate Populations
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A Peripheral Lymph Node
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Cellular Events within Secondary Follicles of Peripheral Lymph Nodes
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The Frequency of Somatic Hypermutation Decreases with the Distance from the Rearranged V(D)J Gene
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Interactions of Numerous Cytokines with B Cells Generate Signals Required for proliferation and Class Switching During the Differentiation of B Cells into Plasma Cells
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The End
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Clonal Anergy in Mature Peripheral B Cells
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