1. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Lockout/Tagout for Thermoforming Control of Hazardous Energy A Presentation of the SPI-OSHA Alliance

2. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. 1910.147 The Control of Hazardous Energy a.k.a. Lockout/Tagout (LOTO ) The specific practices and procedures necessary to disable machinery and equipment so that employees performing service and maintenance activities are protected

3. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. The Purpose of LOTO Prevent injuries from the unexpected startup or release of stored energy Reduce the number of fatalities and injuries Establish a program and procedures for controlling hazardous energy

4. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Where to Begin? Job Safety Analysis (JSA) Develop Procedures Verify Train Audit

5. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Preventing Unexpected Startup or Release of Energy Energy isolation: Minimize potential for inadvertent activation and/or release of stored energy Ensure power to the machine is isolated and locked at control points Use a method that cannot readily be removed, bypassed, overridden or otherwise defeated

6. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Common Types of Energy Used in Thermoforming Electrical Mechanical Hydraulic Pneumatic Thermal Gravity

7. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Definitions Servicing and/or maintenance - activities where employees may be exposed to unexpected start-up or release of hazardous energy including: –Construction –Installing and setting up –Adjusting, inspecting, modifying –Maintaining and/or servicing equipment –Lubricating, cleaning or unjamming –Tool changes or adjustments

8. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Definitions (cont’d) Set-up - Work to prepare a machine to perform its normal production operation Lockout – Placement of lockout device on an energy isolating device Lockout device – Device that uses a physical means to prevent energizing of a machine or equipment

9. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Definitions (cont’d) Energized - Connected to an energy source, or containing residual or stored energy Energy isolating device - A mechanical device that physically prevents the transmission or release of energy  Push buttons, selector switches and other control circuit devices are not energy isolating devices

10. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Common Causes of Accidents Failure to identify risk Employees working outside of job description Inadequate training and/or comprehension Pressure to meet production goals Feeling they can do the task after watching someone else do it

11. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. LOTO applies when : Employees are performing servicing and maintenance, and there is a potential for injury from unexpected start-up or release of stored energy Service and maintenance that takes place during normal production, if employee: –Must remove or bypass a guard or safety device; or –Must place any part of their body into the danger zone

12. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Some Examples of when Lockout is Required Performing a set-up Tool changing Platen and toggle repair Oven repair While working on any electrical component Repairs or maintenance on sheet transport system Major plastic jams

13. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Exception to LOTO Minor servicing activities that take place during normal production when alternative effective protection is used

14. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Minor Servicing During Normal Production Operations Routine Repetitive Integral to the use of the equipment for production

15. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Alternative effective protection such as: Interlocked gates and barriers Mechanical blocks, pins, bars, or locking devices Remote lubricators or other remote devices

16. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Exceptions to LOTO While in Production Mode May Include: Unjamming parts in form or trim station Wear plate changes Polishing the mold Cutting die adjustments  Sharpening  Shimming  Stoning  Notching Foam placement in cutting die

17. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Prevents platens from closing when the mold is being set Must have at least one mechanical device on all Form Stations and all Trim Stations Mechanical Safety Device Metal Pin inserted into telescoping post to prevent travel of platens

18. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Mechanical Safety Device Metal pin inserted to prevent any travel of platens

19. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Mechanical Safety Device Metal bar inserted to prevent any travel of platens

20. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Form or Trim Station Pinning Device Metal pin inserted to prevent any movement of platen Moveable platen

21. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Form or Trim Station Pinning Device Metal pin inserted to prevent any movement of platen

22. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Sanding Minor Mold Blemish Metal pins inserted to prevent any movement of platen

23. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Method of Blocking Oven Travel

24. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Accident #1 Amputation of 3 fingers Product stuck in forming/cutting area of thermoforming machine Full-time press operator reached in to the unguarded machine to dislodge part Forming molds closed on his hand Surgeons were unable to reattach fingers

25. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Accident #2 Amputation of fingers Employee was attempting to clear material which had become lodged in trim press Placed fingers into working envelope of the cutting die The cutting die cycled, trapping the employee’s fingers and thumb inside The employee’s fingers were severed and fell into a grinder located below the die

26. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Accident #3 Amputation of 3 fingers and thumb Machine Operator was removing jammed parts from machine Inadvertently activated the remote switch which activated the die ram The die ram lowered and amputated 3 fingers and thumb Machine had been modified, side guards removed and micro switches taped down

27. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Accident #4 Arm Caught in Machine Machine operator on ladder reached over plastic sheet on thermoformer and under the sheet guide to readjust the guide Glove got caught in the unguarded chain and sprocket drive Pulled arm into sprocket teeth and cycled After 1 cycle, arm was freed

28. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Accident #5 Fatality Employee operating thermoforming machine on automatic mode Employee entered machine to make an adjustment Employee’s head caught in pinch point causing fatal crushing injury

29. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Core Components of an Energy Control Program Energy control procedures for each type of machine Training and retraining to ensure employees understand the program Periodic inspection to ensure procedures are being followed ABC Co. Energy Control Program Purpose._______________ ______________________ ______________________ ____________ Compliance with this program ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ____________ Sequence of Lockout (1)____________________ ______________________ ________

30. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Energy Control Procedures Must be specific to each type of machine and equipment you are working on Must include –Statement of intended use of the procedure –Steps for shutting down and securing machines and equipment –Steps for placing, removing, and transferring of lockout devices –Requirements for testing and verifying effectiveness of lockout devices

31. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Required Training Authorized employees –Recognition of hazardous energy sources –Type and magnitude of energy in the workplace –Methods for energy isolation / control Affected employees –Purpose and use of energy control procedures Other employees in work area –Procedures related to restarting machines

32. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Retraining Requirements Retraining is required if: Change in job assignments Change in machines Change in energy control procedures Equipment or processes present new hazards Inspections reveal deficiencies in employee's knowledge of energy control procedures Retraining must reestablish employee proficiency

33. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Periodic Inspections Performed at least annually Conducted by authorized employees Intended to correct inadequacies identified in program Certified

34. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Certification Requirements Identification of equipment or machinery Date of inspection Names of employees involved in the inspection Name of person(s) performing inspection

35. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Application of the Energy Control Procedure (Lockout) 1.Prepare for shutdown 2.Shut down equipment 3.Isolate all energy sources 4.Apply locks & tags 5.Release stored energy 6.Verify equipment isolation 7.Perform the task 8.Release from Lockout

36. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 1: Prepare for Shutdown Understand equipment hazards Notify other workers of shutdown

37. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 2: Shut down equipment Use the normal shutdown procedures Turn all switches to OFF/Neutral

38. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 3: Isolate all Energy Sources Use energy isolation devices in accordance with established procedures to prevent transmission or release of energy

39. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 4: Apply Locks & Tags Apply locks and tags to: Valves Breakers/electrical disconnects Mechanical blocks Valve lockout device

40. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 5: Release or Block all Stored Energy Discharge capacitors Block/disconnect lines Block or release springs Block elevated parts Relieve system pressure Drain fluids Vent gases Allow system to cool (or use PPE) Apply any additional locks and tags needed

41. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 6: Verify Equipment Isolation Check that other workers are clear of potential hazards Check that locking devices are secure Attempt normal startup Return control to OFF/Neutral Controls to verify energy isolation

42. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 7: Perform the Task

43. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Step 8: Release from Lockout Ensure machinery is properly assembled and all tools removed Ensure that employees are outside of danger zones and are notified that devices are being removed Remove LOTO devices –Must be removed by authorized employee who applied it

44. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. The Job Safety Analysis Process The Job Safety Analysis (JSA) process is a very effective means of helping reduce incidents, accidents, and injuries in the workplace. It is a multi-step process. Basic Job Steps Potential Hazards Recommended Safe Job Procedures

45. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Our sincere thanks to: SPI Thermoforming Institute –Buckell Plastic Co., Inc. –Prent Corporation –Placon Corporation United Southern Industries, Inc. OSHA Regions V & VIII Michigan OSHA OSHA’s Office of Education and Training OSHA’s Salt Lake Technical Center The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.

46. The Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. Do You Have Any Questions ?