1. 17.1 The Origins of Progressivism
OBJECTIVES:
Explain the four goals of progressivism
Summarize progressive efforts to clean up local government
Identify progressive efforts to clean up state government, protect workers, and reform elections.

2. 4 Goals of Progressivism
1. PROTECT SOCIAL WELFARE
YMCA, Social Gospel
Florence Kelley (child welfare/labor reform)
2. PROMOTE MORAL IMPROVEMENT
Prohibition
WCTU, Frances Willard, Carry Nation
3. CREATE ECONOMIC REFORM
Reject laissez-faire policies
Embrace socialism and regulation of business
muckrakers
4. FOSTERING EFFICIENCY
Scientific management –Frederick Winslow Taylor
Assembly lines, Ford Automobile Plant

3. 7 MAIN ACTIONS OF PROGRESSIVE REFORMERS
#1 REFORM LOCAL GOVERNMENT #2 REFORM MAYORS #3 REFORM GOVERNORS #4 PROTECT WORKERS # 5 EFFORTS TO LIMIT WORKING HOURS # 6 REFORM ELECTIONS #7 DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS

4. CLEAN UP GOVERNMENT REFORMERS CLASH WITH POLITICAL
BOSSES AND POLITICAL MACHINES
#1 REFORM LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Cities begin appointing experts, such as city-managers, not politicians to run cities. Ex: Galveston, Texas.
#2 REFORM MAYORS
Progressive and Reform mayors begin winning office, esp. Detroit and Cleveland.
#3 REFORM GOVERNORS
Robert M. La Follette –famous progressive governor of Wisconsin. Founded the Progressive Party.

5. PROGRESSIVE SOCIAL ACCOMPLISHMENTS
#4 PROTECT WORKERS
Workmen’s Compensation
Shirtwaist Fire (1911) – catalyst for reform
1916: Keating-Owen Act –
Prohibited the sale of goods produced with child labor across state lines. Sadly, it was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.
By 1920 child labor is HALF what it had been in 1910.

6. Quiz 17.1/17.2 ___________ was the banning of alcoholic beverages.
___________ journalist who would expose the corrupt business practices of the time.
___________ led the progressive wing of the Republican Party.
What does NAWSA stand for?
The ___________ allowed for direct election of senators.

7. # 5 EFFORTS TO LIMIT WORKING HOURS
Maximum hours
Minimum wage
Muller v. Oregon (1908) – Supreme Court recognized protection for women in workplace by limiting their hours
Bunting v. Oregon (1917) – Supreme Court recognized 10 hour work day for men.

8. # 6 REFORM ELECTIONS
Initiative
Referendum
Recall
Direct primaries
Secret Ballots

9. 17th Amendment
Clause 1. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures. Clause 2. When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of each State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct. Clause 3. This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.

10. TERMS Progressive movement Florence Kelley Prohibition Muckraker
Scientific management
Robert M. La Follette
Initiative
Referendum
Recall
17th Amendment
OBJECTIVES:
Explain the four goals of progressivism
Summarize progressive efforts to clean up local government
Identify progressive efforts to clean up state government, protect workers, and reform elections.

11. Women in Public Life OBJECTIVES:
Trace women’s growing presence in the turn-of-the- century workforce.
Summarize women’s leadership in reform movements and the effort to achieve woman suffrage
Women in Public Life

12. Women in the Work Force
The cult of domesticity began to wear off during the Industrial Revolution
Many African American and immigrant women began to work
In 1870, roughly 70% of female jobs were as servants
By 1900, women were working in factories, laundries and canneries.
As business expanded, women began to take “white collar” jobs
Teaching, stenographers, bookkeepers, typists etc.

13. Women Leadership in Reform
NACW – National Association of Colored Women
Managed nurseries, reading rooms and kindergartens
Allowed African American women to have an impactful role in society
Women began to attend college in the late 19th century
Schools like Harvard and Columbia who did not allow women established colleges for women

14. Right to vote
Women fought for suffrage
Women fought for suffrage in 3 different approaches
1. State level (Wyoming 1869)
2. Pursued court cases to test 14th Amendment
3. Push for a national amendment
Susan B. Anthony- was a leader in the women’s suffrage movement
“Would sooner cut off my right hand than ask the ballot for black man and not for women.”
- S.B.A.
Women formed the NAWSA, National American Woman Suffrage Association
Through their efforts, they did not achieve suffrage but brought the issue to the public.
The 19th Amendment was finally passed in 1919.

15. TERMS NACW Suffrage Susan B. Anthony NAWSA OBJECTIVES:
Trace women’s growing presence in the turn-of-the- century workforce.
Summarize women’s leadership in reform movements and the effort to achieve woman suffrage