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Infant Directed Speech with infants at risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder Jean Quigley School of Psychology Trinity College Dublin Funded by IRCHSS
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Mother-Infant interaction A co-construction Mother’s vocal style shapes infant vocalisations & responsiveness Infant’s initiating, attending & responding behaviour shapes mothers’ responsiveness Interaction between at-risk infants & mothers?
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Infant Directed Speech (IDS) Main functions communicates affect harnesses infant preferences engages infant attention facilitates language acquisition Dynamic & adapted to changing needs of infant
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Participants 18 mothers: Mean age 34 yrs 2nd/3 rd level ed. low-to-mid SES 19 infants: Mean age 1 st visit: 3.7(LR)/5.2 (HR) 10 low-risk (LR), no known risk factors (7m;3f) 9 high-risk (HR), older sib(s) clinical diagnosis of ASD (4m;5f, incl. MZ girls)
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Methodology Prospective video analysis of naturalistic face-to- face interaction All speech & vocalisations analysed Tests (12, 18, 24, 36 months) Bayley Scales of Infant Development—III Ed. Early Social Communication Scales
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Grammatical IDS Data for language acquisition HR mothers lower MLU, VOCD, total # word types more zero clause utterances, up to 80% of input more use of infant’s name in isolation sig. associations: positive correlations only with HR 12 month language scores Quigley, J. Mother’s infant directed speech to preverbal infants at-risk for autism. International Meeting For Autism Research, San Diego 2011.
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Functional IDS Important in shaping infant responsiveness HR mothers more attention devices more clarification requests less contingent /responsive utterances sig. associations: only for LR dyads Quigley, J. & McNally, S. (2013). Maternal communicative style in interaction with infant siblings of children with Autism, Language, Interaction, Acquisition, 4(1).
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Prosodic IDS Pitch range narrows, utterance intensity decreases with infant age HR mothers (12-18 months) higher pitch range & utterance intensity, increases with age. atypical trajectory of prosodic expression & preference. Quigley, J., McNally, S., & Lawson, S. Prosody in infant-mother dyads at-risk of autism. Child Language Seminar, Manchester 2013.
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Infant vocalisations Mothers selectively respond/imitate vocalisations Infants use this feedback to shape babbling HR dyads (18 months) infants more dev. less complex vocalisations mothers imitate & respond to more non speech-like vocalisations sig. associations only for LR dyads Quigley, J. & McNally, S. Maternal response patterns to infant vocalisations. 3 rd Early Language Acquisition Conference Lyon 2012.
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Conclusions Early identification via maternal rather than infant behaviour Risk sensitivity important factor Few outcome associations: language development facilitated only when child actively engaged Infant behaviour alters the input they receive leading to potential cascading effects on language development.
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