1. Transforming Ideas into Policy Making - Thoughts, values and global governance Minakshi Bhardwaj Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, JAPAN

2. What is an idea? -A mental image, a concept and a notion that could be explanatory in a social and scientific system. It is also evolutionary as human societies developed over thousands of years.

3. Factors Influencing Human Thinking Global Individual National Personal Human Ideas External Environment Internal Systems Societies Cultures Governance Family values Social Values Culture Values Religion Local governance

4. Governance is.. The framework of social and economic systems, legal and political structures within which humanity organizes itself (UNED 2002). It is the complex mechanisms, processes, relationships, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their rights and obligations and mediate their differences.

5. Actors Involved in Governance National Government "Kitchen cabinets" Rural and urban governing actors Local governments Military Judiciary Royal families Private sector International Governance Interaction between different governing institutions Formal set up Influence of national govts. -research institutions, donors, financial institutions, MNCs… Challenges of balancing different perspectives

6. Characteristics of Good Governance Good Governance Accountable Transparent Responsive Equitable and InclusiveEffective and Efficient Follows the rule of law Participatory Consensus oriented Source - UNESCAP

7. Ethical Principles and Governance Good Governance Ethical Principles Participation capacity to make decisions Respect for Autonomy Transparency utilitarian objective of impartiality Right to information Responsiveness obligations to respond within timeframe Deontological theories Equity opportunities to improve Justice Efficiency Sustainability Principle of Utility

8. Factors Affecting Policy Making in Developing Countries Gap between ordinary public and governments Gap between rich and poor Cultural barriers Religious restrictions Economic Issues/dependency on external aid Unstable and short-term Government Structures Lack of Regional Coordination These factors are depended on the ideals of the nations that arise from different internal systems.

9. Transforming ideas into policy making Global governance Ethical Principles Personal values Global values Human thinking External environment Internal systems Regulations National Social systems Society Balancing self and Collective needs Multi-sectorial cooperation Foundation for governance guide Participatory approach Global impact International Government