1. Social-Emotional Development of the preschooler
Chapter 17
Page 404

2. Developing Social Awareness
Social awareness grows during preschool years
Becoming more dependable and can complete simple tasks at home

3. Taking the Initiative More independent Improved abilities
Limitless energy
Never ending curiosity
Talk a lot and loudly
Initiative = ability to think or act without being urged
Guilt = blaming self for something done wrong

4. Children develop initiative when they are allowed to ask questions
Experiment
Explore
Adults do need to step in and set limits

5. Showing Responsibility
Takes time and calls for experience
Adults can help by:
Become responsible by setting examples
Give children chances to learn
Follow through with praise or other reward for success

6. Learning Gender Roles Important part of social awareness
Learn how to fit into certain social groups
Gender-role learning is learning what behavior is expected of males and females
Children (age 3yrs) know there is a difference between boys and girls

7. How Does Gender Role Develop?
Learn roles by how others treat them
How they see other in their male and female roles
Sex typing – treating boys and girls differently
Difference in clothing worn
Toys received
Ways parents react to boys and girls
Other families don’t distinguish a difference

8. Cultural Factors
Society’s view of male and female roles is not as clearly defined
Traditional gender roles:
Male more aggressive, economic head of family
Female as wife and mother who stays home

9. Sexual stereotyping – statement or hint that men and women always do or should do certain tasks
Found in books, TV shows, some conversations
Different cultures/groups hold different beliefs about gender roles

10. Extending Social Relations
Increase social learning by:
Sharing, controlling anger, thinking of other’s feelings, and joint efforts
Adults still important
Serve as role models
Self-control, manners, model relationships, etc

11. Other Children Become More Important
Siblings and peers are more important
Peers – unrelated children who are near the same age
Have fun playing with other child, while others do not

12. Making Friends Depends on child’s friendliness
Ability to follow group rules
Lack of dependence on adults
Prefers friend of same gender
May be self-centered view on friendship
Friends play with, help you and share
2 -3 form a closed circle
Too many friends may not get enough attention

13. Learning from Play Groups
Get new ideas
Play with more than one child
Become less self-centered in peer groups
Children learn that friends are fun

14. Feeling and Controlling Emotions
Still react to common childlike stressors
Stressors = situations that cause stresses
Short separations from adults
Fear of monsters

15. Dependency
Emotional dependency = the act of seeking attention, approval, comfort, and contact
Preschoolers are more likely to accept comfort from strangers
May ask an adult to button their coat, etc

16. Fear & Anxiety New fear and anxieties replace previous ones
Boys have a greater variety of fears
Girls have fewer fears but more intense

17. Fears Common Features Fear of the known Death by fire, auto, accident
Vacuum cleaner
Fears of physical injury
Death by fire, auto, accident
Fear of pain
Medical or dental
Anxiety of general nature
Tornado, thunderstorm

18. Anger and Aggression Begin at 10 months
Hit and bite less but threaten and yell more
Increased language skills help
Anger and aggression towards siblings and peers more than adults

19. Causes of Anger and Aggression
Children often use aggression to get their way
Or intentional hurt someone
Get to the bottom of it
Get help if needed

20. Jealousy
Begins when people realize they must share with others love, attention, possessions and time
Most common time for jealousy is when a new brother or sister is born
Babies take time, they translate this as love

21. Repressed jealousy = jealousy that is not directly expressed and may even be denied
Show this through nightmares or physical problems such as upset stomach, headaches, fevers and a change in appetite